Research Methods in Social Psychology - A closer look at experimentation in social psychology
21 important questions on Research Methods in Social Psychology - A closer look at experimentation in social psychology
What is the experimental scenario of an experiment?
What is the experimental scenario of an experiment?
What is a confederate?
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What is the name of the variable that an experimenter changes/manipulates to study the effect on other (dependent) variables?
What is the name of the way in a study in which a theoretical construct is turned into a measurable dependent variable or a manipulable independent variable?
EX: the [...] of Milgram's study is as follows: the dependent variables are the strength of the shocks the participants apply to the confederate, the independent variable is the physical proximity to the confederate. The construct is proximity.
What is the name for a measure/test of the effectiveness of the manipulation upon the independent variable, which is generally included in the measured variables?
(This is done so the researcher can be sure that the manipulation is not too subtle to have an impact on the measured dependent variables)
What is the name of the process when researchers explain to participants the purpose of the experiment in which they participated and answering their questions about it?
What is the name of a research design that observes a group after some manipulation/the occurrence of an event, but is not a true experiment?
EX: a teacher introduces a new learning method to his class and measures the student's comprehension on the material
Why is a one-shot case study not a true experiment, and does it not really give grounds for drawing conclusions based on the results?
What is the name of the experimental research design in which participants are randomly allocated to one of two groups with either exposure or no exposure to the independent variable?
ALSO: -which may turn a one-shot case study into a true experiment?
What is the name of the experiment in which two or more independent variables are manipulated in the same study?
Picture: example of all possible combinations of 2 manipulated variables (factors) with both two levels
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What is the name of a variable that determines [...] the relationship between other variables, for example an independent variable and a dependent variable?
EX: variable A has an effect on variable B, but only when variable C = 8, which makes variable C the ..........
[...] = mediates
What is the name of the concept of the extent to which a measure (in an experiment) measures precisely what it is supposed to measure?
(A measure is valid if it measures precisely what it is supposed to measure)
What is the name of the type of validity that refers to the validity of the conclusion that the observed relationship between independent and dependent variables is causal?
EX of how this type can be increased: adding control group
What is the name of the phenomenon when an experiment examining an independent variable gets muddled up with more variables/components that potentially alter the effects of the experiment?
EX: Milgrim's experiment is conducted in different conditions and examines the effects of the proximity, but if each condition would be ran by different researchers, this could have effects too
('The independent variable is confounded'
'Experimental confound between the physical proximity variable and the variable not accounted for: experimenter identity')
What is the name of the type of validity that refers to whether the identified variables capture the constructs they are supposed to represent well enough?
What is the name of the concept that refers to the fact that participants generally want to be seen in a positive light and may adjust their responses in order to not be viewed in a negative light?
What is the name of the interview conducted after an experiment where someone asks participants about what they believed to be the purpose of the experiment and how this affected their behavior?
What are unobtrusive measures, which researchers use to minimize the demand characteristics?
What is the name of the false but believable explanation that the participants are told to minimize the effects of demand characteristics?
What is the name of the type of validity that refers to the extent to which the research findings can be generalized to settings and populations beyond those of the experiment?
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