Summary Basics of Infectious Diseases

A snapshot of the summary - Basics of Infectious Diseases

• 1 Lecture 1. General introduction

• What is a communicable infectious disease (ID)?

  Infectious disease that can be transmitted between persons
• What is a non-communicable infectious disease?

  Infectious disease not directly transmissible from one person to another
• What does emerging infectious disease mean? (EID)

  Disease appeared for the first time or existed previously, but is rapidly increasing
• Difference between pathogen and parasite:

  Pathogen: always associated with damage
  Parasite: may be associated with damage
• Difference between infection and disease:

  Infection: pathogen invades, begins growing and reproducing within host
  Disease: tissue is damaged or function is impaired, as a consequence of a pathogen.
• What are ways to prevent exposure to pathogen?

  Quarantaine, breaking transmission cycle
• What is a definitive host?

  Host in which pathogen reaches maturity and reproduces
• What is a transport host?

  Host in which pathogen undergoes no essential development
• What is a reservoir?

  Long-term natural host of a pathogen, don't cause disease
• What is the difference between common source epidemic and propagated epidemic?

  Common source epidemic is the spread of an infectious disease via a common source (e.g. Contaminated water). All sick individuals because sick as a result of the common source.
  
  In propagated epidemics, the disease is spread from human-to-human. The spread of a common source epidemic is much more sudden and rapidly. The spread of a propagated epidemic is more gradual.