Metabolic Pathway of Microorganisms - Sulfate and Sulfur Reduction
3 important questions on Metabolic Pathway of Microorganisms - Sulfate and Sulfur Reduction
What are sulfate-reducing bacteria?
A highly diverse group of obligately anaerobic bacteria widely distributed in nature, which reduces sulfat (SO42-), the most oxidized form of sulfur.
What is assimilative sulfate metabolism?
Sulfate metabolism in which organosulfur compounds are produced from sulfate.
How does the reduction of SO42- to H2S work?
- SO42- is activated by the attachment of a phosphate of ATP by ATP sulfurylase, forming adenosine phosphosulfate (APS).
- There are two pathways:
- Dissimilative sulfate reduction:
- APS is reduced directly to SO32- by the enzyme APS reductase with the release of AMP.
- Assimilate sulfate reduction:
- A second phosphate is added to APS, forming phosphoadenosine phosphosulfate (PAPS).
- PAPS is reduced to SO32-, oxidizing NADPH to NADP+.
- SO32- is reduced to H2S by sulfite reductase
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