Creating value with IT - Enterprise Architecture
17 important questions on Creating value with IT - Enterprise Architecture
What is the use of enterprise architecture?
Aids Management approaches, all need perspective
- governance
- portfolio management
- programme manegement
- project management
Enterprise architecture helps with harmonising individual projects
In what way are enterprises changing?
- mergers & acquisitions
- changing rules, formal & informal
- are becoming increasingly software-drive
Enterprises re complex, and therefor change is complex
Transformation involves
- those who pay for the transformation
- those who perform the transformation
- those impacted by the transformation
What exactly is Enterprise Architecture's value?
Value is: ensuring the value of individual projects while managing:
- alignment with the strategy
- alignment across projects
- change
which requires having a global picture
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How was Enterprise Architecture founded?
Their research showed that most companies lacked a solid foundation for execution. Companies with a solid foundation had higher profitability, faster time to market and lower IT costs. Solid foundation for execution requires the organization to master three disciplines
- operation model
- enterprise architecture
- IT engagement model
What is the extended strategic alignment framework?
Strategy, Structure, Operations
vs
Business, Information Services, Technology
What is the goal of enterprise architecture?
Adress organising the organisation
EA should provide insight in
- current state
- current performance
- future state
- expected future performance
- direction & progress of transformation process
What are the key application for enterprise architecture
Strategic direction
Gap analysis
Tactical planning
Operational planning
Selection of partial solutions
Solution architecture
What is the definition of enterprise architecture?
3 perspectives
- regulations
- design
- patterns
What is the regulations oriented perspective on EA
Principles
- as inherent laws (computer require digital storage of data)
- as imposed laws (EU privacy laws)
- as guidelines (pay attention to usability design)
Governance: who needs to do what, when....
What is the design oriented perspective on EA
Models & views
Provides for the necessary descriptions of as-is, to-be
What is the patterns oriented perspective on EA
- bridges regulations & design
Which architectural frameworks are there?
- focus on the process of developing an EA: who, what tasks, when, which assets are needed
ZACHMAN: design focus: what kind of artefacts need to be described
ARCHIMATE: design focus: what kind of concepts in which artefacts, how are the different artefacts related
What is Zachman's framework?
Each column of the framework is descriptive of a single, independent variable within the analytical target. Therefore the basic generic model of any one column is very simple.
Matrix: Scope, Business Model, IS Model (demand), Technology Model, Detailed representations, Functioning code (supply)
VS
What, How, Where, Who, When, Why
How does TOGAF describe the role of EA
Whats the difference between demand and supply within EA
- the owner
- defines business goals and requirements
- essential to achieve business/IT alignment
- defines the organization, rules, interactions
- the designer
- information system design
SUPPLY
- the developer company
- the implementation
- the technical realisation, functionalities, the plan
- technology architecture (hardware, software platforms)
- application architecture (services and information to support operational management)`
What are the rows and their functions in the Zachman matrix?
Definition/delineation of the project
2. Enterprise/Business model = owner
Definition/mapping business aspects
3. Information system model = designer
Translation to ICT terms; modeling of information system
4. Technology model = developer, builder
- description of assembly and construction of the system
5. Detailed representations = subcontractors
- functioning code and/or outsourcing of implementation
6. Implementation = functioning enterprise
- active company = perspective of end user
- not really part of the framework; it is the final product itself
What are the problems with the zachman framework?
- how can we ensure consistency between the models?
- documentation heavy
- a clear method is missing
- tool support?
- an organisation is a dynamic system
- not always clear to which row an aspect belongs
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