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Summary: Case 8: Red But Not Blue
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Read the summary and the most important questions on CASE 8: Red But Not Blue
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1 Anatomy
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What is medullary ray?
The centre of each lobule, bundles of parallel renal tubules of the medulla penetrate the cortex -
Which structure is attached to the ureter and medulla inside the kdineys capsule?
Renal pelvis -
What is the renal column?
In between lobes, cortical tissue continues into the medulla -
2 Main functions
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2.3 Maintenance of ion balance
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What do the kidneys do once the extracellular fluid becomes too acidic?
The kidneys remove H+ and conserve bicarbonate ion (HCO3 -) -
2.5 Excretion of wastes
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What waste products are secreted once leaving the kidney?
- Creatine
- Urea
- Uric aid
- Creatine
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2.6 Production of hormones
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Even though the kidneys are not endocrine glands, they help to produce certain hormones, what hormones?
Erythropoietin - Renin
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What is the function of the by the kidney cells synthesized hormone erythropoietin?
It regulates blood cell synthesis -
4 Glomerular filtration rate
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4.1 Starling forces
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What are starling forces
Forces on all capillaries that leads to filtration to the interstitial fluid. It then goes to the lymph. -
Hydrostatic pressure (PH)
Most important driving for filtration and is very high in the glomerular capillaries. It's caused by the efferent arteriole because it makes an extra resistance that keeps the hydrostatic pressure in the glomerular capillaries relatively high that leads to a massive filtration in the kidneys. -
Bowman's capsule pressure (Pfluid)
The presence of fluid in the capsule creates a hydrostatic fluid pressure that opposes fluid movement into the capsules
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