Read the summary and the most important questions on CCNP Routing

• 1 Basic Network and Routing Concepts

• 1.1 Differentiating Routing Protocols

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• Describe the role of dynamic routing protocols within the enterprise network infrastructure

  Basic objective: Exchange network reachability information between routers and dynamically adapt to network changes 

• Choosing the optimal routing protocol

  Input requirements:
  - size of network
  - multivendor support
  - knowledge level of specific protocal
  Protocol characteristics:
  - type of routing algorithm
  - speed of convergence
  - scalability

• what is the difference betweer IGP and EGP routing protocols

  Internal (used in an organization or AS) and External (used between ASs)

• What are the different types of routing protocols?

  - Distance Vector Protocols
  determine direction (vector) and distance to any link in the network
  EIGRP and RIPv2
  
  - Link-state Vector Protocols
  Uses SPF Algortihm. creates an abstract of the exact topology of the entire network. Like having a complete map of the network topology.
  OSPF and ISIS
  
  - Path Vector Protocols
  exchange information about the existence of destination networks and the path on how to reach the destination
  BGP

• What is the importance of convergence

  Convergence describes the process in which routers notice a network change, exchange information about the change and perform the necessary calculations to reevaluate the best routes.

• Decribe route summarization

  Allows to reduce routing overhead and improve stability and scalability of routing by lowering the amount of routing information that is maintained and exchanged between routers.

• 1.2.2 IPv6 address types

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• Differentiate IPv6 address types

  - Global: prefix 2000::/3 (Example: 2001:DB8:20:20:1/64)
  - Link local: prefix FE80::/10 (Example: FE80::250:56FF:FEC0:8)
  - Multicast: prefix FF00::/8 (Example: FF02::A)
  - Unique Local Addresses: prefix FC00::/7 (Example: FDC0:FD74:2B07::1)
  - Loopback ::1
  - unspecified ::

• What is a Unique Local Address

  IPv6 unicast addresses that are globally unique and are intended for local communications; not routable on the global internet, but routeable inside a limited area, such as a site.

• 1.2.4 Nonbroadcast Multiple-Access Networks

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• Most common topologies of NBMA networks

  hub-and-spoke or partial-mesh

• NBMA has the following challenges to routing protocols

  - Split horizon (EIGRP)
  Split-Horizon rule reduces routing loops for distance vector routing protocols.
  
  - Neighbor discovery (OSPF)
  OSPF over NBMA networks works in a nonbroadcasting network mode by default, and neighbors are not automatically discovered.
  
  - Broadcast replication
  With routers that support multipoint connections over a single interface that terminate in many PVCs, the router must replicate broadcast packets, such as routing update broadcasts, on each PVC to the remote routers; consume bandwith.