EMF, 2013 - From linear to circular
7 important questions on EMF, 2013 - From linear to circular
On which simpel principles is the circular economy based?
- Design out waste and pollution: product designed for diassembly and refurbishment
- Keep products and materials in use
- Regenerate natural systems
What are the four things that a circular economy is as an industrial economy?
- Restorative by intention
- Rely on renewable energy
- Minimizes, tracks and eliminates the use of toxic chemicals
- Eradicates waste through careful design
What are the two types of materials flows in the circular economy?
- Biological nutrients, designed to re-enter the biosphere safely
- Technical nutrients, designed to circulate at high quality without entering the biosphere
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In terms of waste is food, which nutrient sides should be taken into account?
On the technical nutrient side, improvements in qualtiy (upcycling).
What does the concept of eco-effectiveness propose, in contrast to eco-efficiency that focuses on minimsation and dematerialisation?
What are some of the benefits on the long-term of circularity on material stocks?
- Need for virgin material extraction would decrease substantially
- Growth of landfill and total material stock would decrease
What are the 3 circular strategies as mentioned by Atasu et al. 2021?
- Retaining product ownership: circularity-as-a-service (Michelin Tyres, Philips Lighting = selling hours of light); negative cases: (Interface Carpets pre-2000)
- Product life extension: long lasting products (Patagonia)
- Design for recycling: eco-efficiency and innovation (Fairphone)
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