Sweetness and sweeteners - Synergy between tasting and sweet perception
7 important questions on Sweetness and sweeteners - Synergy between tasting and sweet perception
What happens in situations of synergy?
Between which sweet molecules can synergy occur?
- For 2 low molecular weight sweeteners
- For a low and high molecular weight sweetener
Which compounds can boost the sweet perception of sucrose?
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Where are the 4 sweet taste binding sites located on the T1R2/T1R3 heterodimer?
- T1R2: one site in the VFTD --> small molecules such as sucrose and aspartame (site I)
- T1R3
- The pocket of VFTD --> sucrose and other low molecular weight sweeteners (site II)
- The transmembrane domain (site III) --> blockers and synergizing compounds like cyclamate and NHDC
- Outer parts of the lobes of the VFTD (site IV) --> sweet proteins
When do sweeteners only have an additive effect?
Why is the binding site of synergistic sweeteners important?
- Sweeteners with an additive effect bind to sites I and II
- Binding to site I and II simultaneously --> closure of the receptor and influx of Ca2+
- Binding to site I and III simultaneously --> induce conformational change, locking the receptor in the active state and induce stronger and lingering signals.
Why is the binding site of synergistic sweeteners important?
- Sweeteners with an additive effect bind to sites I and II
- Binding to site I and II simultaneously --> closure of the receptor and influx of Ca2+
- Binding to site I and III simultaneously --> induce conformational change, locking the receptor in the active state and induce stronger and lingering signals.
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