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Chapters - Adaptation of conservation strategies

20 important questions on Chapters - Adaptation of conservation strategies

What is the framework of the overall conservation strategy that is discussed in this chapter?

1. Protected areas
2. Connectivity and conservation on productive lands
3. Management of individual species, including species rescue and translocation

Expense and management intensity of the approaches increase as we move down the list.

What is the greater question that arises from this figure, and which solution is shown in it?

The figure shows the reserve being lost as the species’ range ceases to intersect with it, but it is unlikely that a reserve would be declassified based on the loss of only one species.

The reserve would remain important for many other species, so the greater question is how to maintain protection of the species that has moved beyond the reserve. Adding a protected area within the new range of the species is one important option

What does this image have to tell?

Range shifts in this view involve loss or change in size of individual populations, which in turn changes the representation of the species in a protected area.

When does the relationship between reserve boundary and range boundary shift within the protected area?

In large reserves or reserves with large elevation gradients.

What does a sophisticated view of range shifts include?

Metapopulation dynamics
Species with both large and small ranges
A variety of range movements across the landscape

How can the lost representation of species within protected areas be regained?

By placing new protected areas in locations where suitable climate for the species will be retained.

How can the required area for new protected areas be reduced?

By overlapping the space needed to (1) represent species that are not currently represented, and (2) the space needed to retain species as the climate changes.

How will waiting to take action (adding protected areas) until the effects of climate change on species’ ranges result in significantly higher protected area addition needs?

If protected areas were added (1) for current ranges and then (2) for climate change, the double-duty efficiency of the additions was lost, resulting in the need to add more protected area.

What does planning for patterns mean?

Conserving a representative sample of species or habitat types, hence preserving some notion of their “pattern” in the landscape.

Why does less vulnerability or greater resilience to a threat is generally lower the conservation priority of a site?

Because it will be less affected by the threat than will other sites with similar irreplaceability.

When does it make sence to prioritize sites with high resilience?

When the threat is not reduced by protection.

What is the difference between risistant an resilient species or sites?

Resistant species or sites are less damaged by climate change.

Resilient species or sites are better able to recover once damaged.

What are examples or resistant species and sites?

Species: A species with broad physiological tolerances

Site: sheltered in a unique microclimate

What are examples of resilient species or sites?

Species: one with high reproductive potential or good long-distance dispersal.

Site: one in an area of high seed rain, so plants are able to reestablish easily

Why should you prioritize protection in areas that are resilitent to climate change?

To ensure that protected area will persist.

What conservation strategie is usefull when a species is only found in one area?

The sites in which these species are found have priority for protection regardless of their resistance or resilience to climate change

Because these species exist in only one location, we have no choice: we must do our best to conserve them where they are.

When will conservation actions such as intensive management and translocation be high priority?

Where resilience is low.

For instance, in a protected-area system in which only half the sites are believed to harbor resilient populations of a species, the other half would be prioritized for management or translocation to maintain the populations in the face of climate change.

What is the best conservation portfolio (for climate change)?

One that systematically targets sites of high biological value (high irreplaceability) with appropriate emphasis on threat and resilience.

For climate change, the appropriate conservation measure is to seek sites of high resistance or resilience.

How is the direct threat of climate change different from other threats?

Because it is mediated by the atmosphere and not human or biological agents, climate change penetrates all parts of a reserve and cannot be combated with staff on the ground.

Why do resistant and resilietn sites get prefered?

Although biological value and irreplaceability are primary criteria, unless a site harbors completely irreplaceable attributes (e.g., species found only at that site and nowhere else in the world), there is little point in protecting a reef that will be destroyed by bleaching.

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Climate Change Ecology

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Chapters - Adaptation of conservation strategies

20 important questions on Chapters - Adaptation of conservation strategies

What is the framework of the overall conservation strategy that is discussed in this chapter?

What is the greater question that arises from this figure, and which solution is shown in it?

What does this image have to tell?

When does the relationship between reserve boundary and range boundary shift within the protected area?

What does a sophisticated view of range shifts include?

How can the lost representation of species within protected areas be regained?

How can the required area for new protected areas be reduced?

How will waiting to take action (adding protected areas) until the effects of climate change on species’ ranges result in significantly higher protected area addition needs?

What does planning for patterns mean?

Why does less vulnerability or greater resilience to a threat is generally lower the conservation priority of a site?

When does it make sence to prioritize sites with high resilience?

What is the difference between risistant an resilient species or sites?

What are examples or resistant species and sites?

What are examples of resilient species or sites?

Why should you prioritize protection in areas that are resilitent to climate change?

What conservation strategie is usefull when a species is only found in one area?

When will conservation actions such as intensive management and translocation be high priority?

What is the best conservation portfolio (for climate change)?

How is the direct threat of climate change different from other threats?

Why do resistant and resilietn sites get prefered?

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