R&D- and technology strategies
8 important questions on R&D- and technology strategies
What are uncertainties in emerging industries? How can we address them?
Market uncertainty
If reliable forecasting is impossible:
Cooperating with lead users
Limiting risk exposure (fixed cost)
Flexibility
What are the 6 R&D generations?
2. Market shares battle (market pull)
3. Rationalization efforts (R&D as portfolio based on business and cooperate strategy)
4. Time based struggle (R&D as integrative activity, learning from and with customers (cross-functional teams work parallel with R&D activities)
5. System integration (R&D as network, working with supplier competitors, distributors, etc.)
6. Multi technology systems (use of internet for networks, more networks)
Some remarks on how you can profit on R&D
• Intellectual property rights – Patents – Copyrights – Trademarks – Trade secrets
• Tacitness and complexity of technology
• Lead time
• Complementary resources
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Some Challenges in following trajectories for R&D
– Lack of resources.
– Lack of capabilities.
– Organizational inertia.
– Lack of attention to new and emerging technologies and business opportunities.
• Increasing need to master several technologies in order to manage complex products, services and processes.
• When the number of technologies in a product increases, the cost of R&D increases exponentially.
Discuss the different R&D activities
Strategic positioning: Evaluates options of knowledge and resources
Business investment: Development and production engineering: launching
What is a product development funnel gate? What are the four types of outcomes? Why should we close bad projects as fast as possible?
True positives: Launched and received well on the market. Mostly incremental.
False positive: Launched but not a success
True negatives: Not launched and wouldn't be a success (saved money)
False negatives: Stop ideas which would generate a lot of money (a lot of breakthrough innovations).
Close bad project early: Projects expenses grow exponentially in time. Also, Prevent Q's
Discuss Queues in R&D
• Queues are a main source of waste in R&D
• Higher capacity utilization increases queues exponentially
• Variation increases queues linearly
• Control the size of the R&D queue by lowering resource utilization to the economically correct level
Should we avoid uncertain R&D projects? What are the costs?
Costs are:
Cost of deployed resources
Cost of delays (Queues)
Cost of lost oppurtunities
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