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Osland Article

5 important questions on Osland Article

What is sophisticated stereotyping?

Stereotyping based on theoretical concepts and lacking in negative qualities associated with normal stereotyping

What are the limitations of helping stereotypes?

1. They are consciously held
2. They are descriptive rather than evaluative
3. Accurate in their description of a behavioural norm
4. The first best guess about a group prior to having direct information
5. Modified based on further observation and experience

Why don't we know more about cultural paradoxes?

1. Homegrown perceptual schemas that result in cultural myopia
2. Lack of cultural experience leading to failure in comprehension
3. Cultural learning that plateaus before complete comprehension is reached
4. Western dualism that generates theories with no room for paradox or holistic maps
5. Features of cross-cultural research that favour simplicity over complexity
6. A between-culture approach rather than a within-culture approach that is less likely to show the paradoxes

What are the possible explanations of behaviour that seems paradoxical?

1. Tendency of outsiders to confuse individual with group values
2. Unresolved cultural issues
3. Bipolar patterns
4. Role differences
5. Real vs espoused values
6. Value trumping (a set of values is preferred in a certain context)

What are the steps in the cultural sense-making cycle?

1. Indexing context - noticing cues about situation
2. Making attributions - drawing inferences based on identity and experience
3. Selecting schema - enacting appropriate behaviour scripts