Read the summary and the most important questions on Cultural Anthropology | 9780071318549 | Conrad Phillip Kottak

• 1 Hoofdstuk 1, Introduction to Anthropology

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• What is the difference between Agriculture and Horticulture?

  Horticulture is cultivation which does not make intensive use of factors of production and allows fields to fallow for periods of time. Agriculture makes continuous use of land and intensive use of labor

• What is the difference between a village head and the Big man p. 182

  The big man has support in multiple villages instead of in just one. He thus was a regulator of regional political organization. 

• Name four ethnographic techniquesp. 51-58

  1. Participant observation

  2. interviews.

  3. Genealogical method

  4. Key informants

  5. Collecting life histories

  6. Problem-oriented research

  7. Longitudinal research

  8. Team research 

• What is the difference between Emic and Etic and give an argument in favor of eachp. 55

  Emic: Strategy focusing on local explanations and meanings. You get to know why people do things and how they perceive. 

  Etic: strategy emphasizing the ethnographer's explanation and categories. This way you compare it to other societies. 

• What is a hidden transcript? p. 198

  The critique of power that occurs without those in power knowing about it. (eg. complaining about your boss with co-workers).

• What is a family of procreation? 

  A family of procreation is one that is formed when a couple marries. The purpose of a family of procreation is to have children and raise them in society. The family of procreation is from the parent point of view, as opposed to the children's view which is called family of orientation.

• What is the difference between acculturation, enculturation and diffusion? p. 41

  Acculturation is an exchange of cultural features between groups in firsthand contact. 

  Diffusion is borrowing of cultural traits between society, this can be direct or indirect. 

  Enculturation is learning one's own culture's traits. 

• What is endogamy? and exogamy and homogamy? p.260

  Endogamy: Marriage of people from the same group. 

  Exogamy: marriage outside of your group, this causes establishments and preservations of alliances among groups. 

  Homogamy: marrying someone similar, same social class. 

  
  

• What is hegemony? p.197

  Social order in which subordinates accept hiararchy as natural. Subordinates comply with domination by internalizing their rulers' values and accepting the naturalness of domination as if it was they way it was meant to be. 

  
  

• What is lineage and what is a clan? Name the difference p.239

  Both have a unlineal descent group but lineage is based on demonstrated descent and a clan on stipulated descent. Lineage demonstrated how it is related to a apical ancestor and a clan only states it and that is enough.