Systems of Professions
10 important questions on Systems of Professions
Describe the difference between Job and Occupation via a real world example.
What are some of the 'traits' that differentiate Professions from Jobs according to the literature?
- Specialised Knowledge
- University-Based Training
- Value of the service to society
- Code of ethics (not abuse power)
- Autonomy and self governance
- Authority over clients
Why is the professionalisation step of having a National Level Journal important?
Surgery was not seen as a high status profession, but only after the development of a wide knowledge base on the human anatomy.
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What is the title or definition of 'Profession' in a sense
controlling?
- Who is allowed to do the work (via licensing)
- How they are prepared to do the work (University training and controlling entry)
- Who gets to evaluate their performance (via boards of profession, etc)
What are the three concepts of the theory of occupations that are most heavily influenced by technological change, and why?
- Socialisation; entry into an occupation
- Task jurisdiction and boundaries; content of activities performed, and claims on activities vs other groups
- Ecosystem relations; broader field in which occupation is embedded
What does the Socialisation concept entail?
- For strong professions; high barriers to entry (licensing, certification, theoretical training eg. Medicine vs Fitness Trainer)
- Degree of control of entry (many professions decide who is allowed to become part of a profession by establishing their own standards)
- For general occupations: Entry is associated with socialising into a particular set of cultural values (norms and worldviews)
This is important because, for example, you need good norms and values to write code for a robot that will have influence based on your worldview, same with managers etc.
What does the 'Ecosystem Relations' concept entail?
- Co-production of work with participation of external stakeholder (e.g.clients)
- Brokering roles occupations perform to bridge between several groups (eg patient advocates as mediators of interest between physicians and patients)
Field is; Universities, Insurance Companies, etc.
What is the difference between Automation and Innovation?
Innovation: chaning the ways of making professional expertise available to the clients
What are the different responses of professions on technological change within their own work?
- Redefining the occupation
- changing the task content and identity
- Delegating Tasks
- to for example lower status groups so they can perform the existing or novel tasks
- Reconfiguring the ecosystem position
- changing the relations with clients
Explain how the occupation of Librarian changed, with the different responses of professions towards technological change
From masters of search, to masters of interpretation, to teachers, to connectors of people and information.
As a response on the emergence of Archive technologies, Yahoo, and then Google
First they said that Search Machines were not as good as they were, but the technology developed, so they had to redefine their identity.
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