The nine months that made you
12 important questions on The nine months that made you
What did professor Barker believed;
Professor Barker believed he could make the following predictions based fully on birth records;
- Barker theory: idea that future health was based on birth weight
- Critics: there are other explanations (conventional wisdom: future health depends on what we ate as children, lifestyle when we aged etc. instead of weight at birth)
India has lot of diabetes patients. Babies were measures when born, 4 years, 8 years and they were looking at insulin resistance. What was the outcome of this study
- Element of destiny in future health
- Even 21-year old’s that looked quite fit were showing symptoms of obese people, e.g. forming of plaques in their arteries
- Measuring body fat in low-weight babies: look thin but were carrying same amount of fat as someone much heavier than them (thin-fat)
- It wasn’t the quantity of food which was crucial, but the right vitamins and minerals
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At what age did we see a difference in personality
change in heart rates and stress levels in unusual contexts
What are the core features of temperament
how we react to things and how we recover after something happened (recovery/ regulation/ reactivity)
- we can see them in 6 months old, but also in 5 years old. In adults more refined set of traits
Surprising babies directly, what were the results
- Some babies immediately start to move, some babies don’t react at all
- Distinctive responses: features of future personality
What did biologist Tessa Roseboom study
- Whatever genes they carried, those exposed to famine in womb had more heart disease, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, diabetes, and breast cancer. Those conceived after the famine didn’t.
- The famine even had an effect if it only lasted for the first 12 weeks of pregnancy
- The time of your mom in grandma’s womb (within the famine) also altered your genes - Food can affect switching on/off genes, therefore can alter cells in whole body
Hormones while in the womb can influence us, in what way?
- same effect in monkeys and children
- females with more testosterone in womb acted more like males (ditched dolls for trucks) > more testosterone prenatally makes you more male
- other affected things; reading emotions, maps so affects abilities
- low testosterone; collosum bigger on left than right side
- affect brain > all aspects of our personality
What did professor Graham Burton from Cambridge say about placenta
- Found key evidence on placenta’s role
- Every placenta is different. If we can record what happens within placenta, we have a record of everything that happens within the 9 months that made you
What was Baker's role in Saudi Arabia
- New research project: evidence of how placenta protects baby from changes in mother’s diet
- If Ramadan occurred in later pregnancy, placentas were smaller than usual -> size of baby didn’t change. Placenta was protecting the baby against the changes of Ramadan.
-Placenta is plastic, changes take place within that one month of Ramadan already
- Smaller placenta is still able to feed baby as big as ones with bigger placenta; just working more efficiently
What does professor Caroline Fall's study
What are the foundings till now of Caroline Falls study in India
- Recipes for pregnant women with all the vitamins etc. a baby needs taken to clinics
- Women had to begin without being well pregnant and take it until they give birth
- Weight, length, and body fat are recorded of the babies
- Results will come in ‘next year’, so not known yet
- Need to keep doing this until next generation to see the full benefit
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