How does the EU work? - The decision-making institutions
10 important questions on How does the EU work? - The decision-making institutions
What is known as secondary legislation?
Secondary legislation has a direct impact on the daily lives of EU citizens.
How is the Council composed?
When was a decision adopted before 1 November 2014?
- at least 260 of the 352 votes (ie 73.9%) are cast in favor
- it is approved by a majority of Member States
- if these favorable Member States represent at least 62% of the EU's population
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What does the European Parliament do?
- It supervises the EU's activities
- It enacts EU legislation, together with the Council
- Adopt/reject the EU budget, with the Council (proposed by the European Commission).
- Exercise democratic supervision over the Union, and in particular over the European Parliament. At any time, Parliament can dismiss the whole Commission by adopting a motion of censure, this requires a two thirds majority.
The Parliament takes part in the legislative work of the EU in two ways, explain.
- Via 'co-decision', which is the ordinary legislative procedure, Parliament shares equal responsibility with the Council for legislating in all policy areas that require a 'qualified majority' vote in the Council. Since the Lisbon Treaty came into force, these areas cover about 95% of EU legislation. Council and Parliament can reach an agreement as soon as the first reading. If they cannot agree after two readings, the proposal is brought before a conciliation committee.
- Via the 'assent' procedure, Parliament must ratify the EU's international agreements (negotiated by the Commission), including any new treaty enlarging the European Union.
What does the European Commission do?
- Draw proposals for new EU legislation (only the European Commission can do this), which it sends to the Council and Parliament for discussion and adoption.
- Uphold common interest, that is why it enjoys a substantial degree of independence in exercising its power; it must not take instructions from any national government.
- Ensure that the regulations and directives adopted by the Council and Parliament are being implemented in the Member States. (If not the Commission can take the offending party to the Court of Justice to oblige it to comply with EU law).
How is the Court of Justice complied?
2. Assisted by eight advocates-general
What does the European Central Bank do?
2. Maintain price stability
3. Supervise banks in the euro area
How is the Court of Auditors compiled?
What does the Court of Auditors do?
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