Read the summary and the most important questions on European Union Governance in an International Context

• 1 Week 1

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• What were the two reasons for the founding states to establish the ECSC?

  1. There was fear of war; with supervision over the production of coal and steel (war supply), war was less likely
  2. Europe had to get back on its feet economically

• What have been the crises since 2008 and what is the consequence?

  Financial/eurozone crisis, refugee/migration crisis, populism, Brexit and covid. Criticism on European integration; technocratic governance & failing to deliver what it has promised

• 2 Week 2

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• What was the Pan-Europa Movement?

  Writers during the interbellum saw a United States of Europe in order to prevent war

• What did D. Mitrany mean with "a working peace system"?

  Functionalism, if states are interdependent, they won't go to war

• What were the two important treaties that eventually led to NATO?

  The Treaty of Dunkirk was between UK and France; when Germany is threatening, they will cooperate. With the Treaty of Brussels, the Benelux joined. With NATO, the USA joined

• How was the ECSC established?

  With the Treaty of Paris in 1951. Italy joined because they had just revived from Mussolini. Benelux joined because they were the territory where war would take place

• Why were the EDC and EPC established?

  The EDC was the European Defense Community, because of war in Korea. US wanted Europe to be able to defend themselves. EPC was the political community, because a defense cooperation is useless without the same political coal

• What was the reaction against the EEC by other countries in 1959?

  The EFTA: European Free Trade Association. Was more loose and intergovernmental and because some states didn't understand the cooperation between France and Germany

• What was the reaction of the USA when the EEC and EFTA were established?

  Europe split in two, in the Cold War this is a dilemma. US supports EEC for political goal

• What happened when the UK wanted to become member of the EEC?

  De Gaulle vetoed twice; they were afraid the UK was a Trojan horse promoting US interests