Immunopathology of allergy - Natural history of allergy
19 important questions on Immunopathology of allergy - Natural history of allergy
What is the "Atopic March"?
When is the incidence of atopic eczema the highest?
Do children loose their atopic eczema?
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Children developing atopic eczema later in life (after the age of 5 years) are more likely to outgrow their eczema compared to those children, who had an earlier onset of disease (during first years of life). T/F
Which foods can cause atopic eczema?
- Cow's milk
- Hen's egg
- Wheat
- Soy
What is the incidence of asthma?
9% at 20 years
When is the incidence of asthma the highest?
Is family history important in asthma?
Which food allergens induce IgE-mediated sensitization the most frequent?
- Hen's egg
- Cow's milk
- Peanut
Children with sensitisation to any allergen before the age of 3 years and sensitisation to inhalant allergens have an increased risk for asthma at school age. T/F
All children with infantile eczema show a sensitisation to food allergens and will develop classical allergy. T/F
Sensitisation to food precedes sensitisation to inhalant allergens. T/F
Remission of allergic asthma occurs not frequently up to the age of 20 years. T/F
There have been no genome wide association (GWA) studies on food allergy. T/F
What is a locus (plural: loci)?
What are the major drivers of pathogenesis?
- Epithelial events
- Innate immune function
Epigenetic modifications result in changes in the expression of genetic material and can occur by 3 processes:
- Histone modification: adding or removing acetyl groups --> cell's ability to access and read associated sequence
- DNA methylation, adding a methyl group to cytosine bases --> may restrict access to the DNA for transcription into mRNA
- MicroRNA mediated changes --> Gene expression can be regulated at the post-transcriptional level by microRNAs, which can further modify mRNA transcripts and histones to alter the expression of genes
What is the FOXP3 gene?
What were differences between an asthmatic and healthy twin?
- increase DNA methylation
- decreased expression of FOXP3 gene
- decreased function of non-allergic effector T cells through methylation of the IFN-gamma gene
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