Summary: Fundamentals Of Anatomy & Physiology, Global Edition | 9781292229867 | Frederic H Martini, et al
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Read the summary and the most important questions on Fundamentals of Anatomy & Physiology, Global Edition | 9781292229867 | Frederic H. Martini; Judi L. Nath; Edwin F. Bartholomew
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1 An Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology
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1.5 Anatomical terms describe body regions, anatomical positions and drirection, and body secretions
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Frontal/Coronal Plane
Vertical plane; divides into anterior and posterio portions -
Sagittal Plane (Midsagittal, parasagittal)
Verticapl plane; dividing into left and right portions.
Midsagittal -> Median, lies in the middle
Parasagittal -> Lies offset of the middle -
4.1 The four types are epithelial, connective, muscle and nervous
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What is epithelial tissue?
Epithelial tissue covers exposed surfaces, lines internal passageways and chambers, and forms glands.
An epithelium is a tissue existing of cells that are tightly connected to each other, without extracellular matrix. It is derived from one of the three primary germ layers(ecto-, endo- or meso-derm). -
What is connective tissue?
Connective tissue fills internal spaces, provides structural support for other tissues, transports materials within the body, and stores energy. -
What is muscle tissue?
Muscle tissue is specialized for contraction and includes the skeletal muscles of the body, the muscle of the heart, and the muscular walls of hollow organs. -
4.2 Epithelial tissue covers body surfaces, lines internal surfaces, and serves other essential functions
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What are ecto-, endo- and mesoderm?
These are the three layers of the early embryo. Ectoderm is the most outside layer, endoderm is the most inside layer, and mesoderm is the middle layer. -
What are gland cells?
Gland cells are epithelial cells that produce secretions. -
What are the characteristics of epithelial tissue?
- Polarity
- Cellularity
- Attached to a basement membrane
- Avascularity; no blood circulation
- Regeneration
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What is a basement membrane?
A basement membrane is formed from the fusion of several successive layers (the basal lamina and reticular lamina), a collagen matrix, and proteoglycans (intercellular cement). The basement membrane adheres to the basal surface and to the underlying tissues to establish the cell's border and resist stretching. -
How are epithelial cells different from other body cells?
Epithelial cells have several structural specializations.
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Topics related to Summary: Fundamentals Of Anatomy & Physiology, Global Edition
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The tissue level of organization - Epithelial tissue covers body surfaces, lines internal surfaces, and serves other essential functions
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The tissue level of organization - Cell shape and number of layers determine the classification of epithelia
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The tissue level of organization - Connective tissue has varied roles in the body that reflect the physical properties of its three main types
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The tissue level of organization - Connective tissue proper includes loose connective tissues that fill internal spaces and dense connective tissues that contribute to the internal framework of the body
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The tissue level of organization - Blood and lymph are fluid connective tissues that transport cells and dissolved materials
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The tissue level of organization - The supporting connective tissues cartilage and bone provide a strong framework
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The tissue level of organization - Tissue membranes made from epithelia and connective tissue make up four types of physical barriers
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The tissue level of organization - The three types of muscle tissue are skeletal, cardiac, and smooth
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The tissue level of organization - Nervous tissue responds to stimuli and propagates electrical impulses throughout the body
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Bones and bone structure - Bone is composed of matrix and several types of cells: osteogenic cells, osteoblasts, octeocytes, and osteoclasts
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Bones and bone structure - Compact bone contains parallel osteons, and spongy bone contains trabeculae
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Bones and bone structure - Bones form through ossification and enlarge through interstitial and appositional growth
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Bones and bone structure - Bone growth and development depend on bone remodeling, which is a balance between bone formation and bone resorption
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Muscle tissue - The primary function of muscle tissue is to produce movement
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Muscle tissue - Skeletal muscle contains muscle tissue, connective tissue, blood vessels, and nerves
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Muscle tissue - Skeletal muscle fibers are organized into repeating functional units that contain sliding filaments
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Muscle tissue - Motor neurons stimulate skeletal muscle fibers to contract at the neuromuscular junction
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Muscle tissue - Cardiac muscle tissue, found in the heart, produces coordinated and automatic contractions
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Muscle tissue - Smooth muscle tissue contracts to move substances within internal passageways
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Nervous tissue - Describe the anatomical and functional divisions of the nervous system
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Nervous tissue - Sketch and label the structure of a typical neuron, describe the functions of each component, and classify neurons on the basis of their structure and function
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Nervous tissue - Describe the locations and functions of the various types of neuroglia
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Blood - Red blood cells, formed by erythropoiesis, contain hemoglobin that transports respiratory gases - Relationship of RBC Structure to RBC Function
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Blood - Red blood cells, formed by erythropoiesis, contain hemoglobin that transports respiratory gases - Hemoglobin
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Blood - Red blood cells, formed by erythropoiesis, contain hemoglobin that transports respiratory gases - RBC Formation & Turnover
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Blood - The process of blood clotting, or hemostasis, stops blood loss
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Blood Vessels and Circulation - Arteries, which are eleastic or muscular, and veins, which contain valves, have three-layered walls; capillaries have thin walls with only one layer - Vessel Wall Structure in Arteries and Veins
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The digestive system - Page 935 and
