Summary Fundamentals of Anatomy & Physiology, Global Edition

A snapshot of the summary - Fundamentals of Anatomy & Physiology, Global Edition Author: Frederic H Martini Judi L Nath Edwin F Bartholomew ISBN: 9781292229867

• 1 An Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology

• 1.5 Anatomical terms describe body regions, anatomical positions and drirection, and body secretions

• Frontal/Coronal Plane

  Vertical plane; divides into anterior and posterio portions
• Sagittal Plane (Midsagittal, parasagittal)

  Verticapl plane; dividing into left and right portions.
  Midsagittal -> Median, lies in the middle 
  Parasagittal -> Lies offset of the middle

• 4.1 The four types are epithelial, connective, muscle and nervous

• 
  What is epithelial tissue?

  Epithelial tissue covers exposed surfaces, lines internal passageways and chambers, and forms glands.
  An  epithelium is a tissue existing of cells that are tightly connected to each other, without extracellular matrix. It is derived from one of the three primary germ layers(ecto-, endo- or meso-derm).
• 
  What is connective tissue?

  Connective tissue fills internal spaces, provides structural support for other tissues, transports materials within the body, and stores energy.
• 
  What is muscle tissue?

  Muscle tissue is specialized for contraction and includes the skeletal muscles of the body, the muscle of the heart, and the muscular walls of hollow organs.

• 4.2 Epithelial tissue covers body surfaces, lines internal surfaces, and serves other essential functions

• 
  What are ecto-, endo- and mesoderm?

  These are the three layers of the early embryo. Ectoderm is the most outside layer, endoderm is the most inside layer, and mesoderm is the middle layer.
• 
  What are gland cells?

  Gland cells are epithelial cells that produce secretions.
• 
  What are the characteristics of epithelial tissue?

  • Polarity
  • Cellularity
  • Attached to a basement membrane
  • Avascularity; no blood circulation
  • Regeneration
• 
  What is a basement membrane?

  A basement membrane is formed from the fusion of several successive layers (the basal lamina and reticular lamina), a collagen matrix, and proteoglycans (intercellular cement). The basement membrane adheres to the basal surface and to the underlying tissues to establish the cell's border and resist stretching.
• 
  How are epithelial cells different from other body cells?

  Epithelial cells have several structural specializations.