Molecular structure of DNA and RNA - Structure of the DNA double helix
16 important questions on Molecular structure of DNA and RNA - Structure of the DNA double helix
How is the double-stranded structure of DNA stabilized?
When you have gone 360 degrees around the axis of the helix, how many base pairs have you count and what distance have you passed?
What does the AT/GC rule indicate about purines and pyrimidines?
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How many hydrogen bonds occur between G en C and between A and T?
- Between A and T: 2 hydrogen bonds.
Which sequence is more stable, one with a high or low proportion of G and C?
What rule indicates that the sequence of a strand is known when the sequence of the opposite strand is known?
One strand is running in the 5' to 3' direction, and the other in the 3' to 5' direction. How is this opposite orientation called?
What is base stacking?
What does it mean when the DNA double helix is in a right-handed direction?
What are the major and minor grooves of the DNA double helix?
There are different types of structures of the DNA double helix. What are two of them?
Which type of DNA structure is the predominant form of DNA in living cells?
What are 3 differences between B DNA and Z DNA?
- The number of bp per 360 degrees turn are 10 in B DNA and 12 in Z DNA;
- In B DNA, the bases are more perpendicular to the central axis, and in Z DNA, the bases are more tilted relative to the central axis.
Which 3 factors favor the formation of a Z DNA conformation (out of a B DNA conformation)?
- Lower ionic strength: the methylation of cytosine;
- Negative supercoiling.
What is the biological significance of Z DNA?
A double-stranded molecule of B DNA contains 340 nucleotides. How many complete turns occur in this double helix?
- B DNA, so 10.0 bp per complete turn, so 170/10 = 17 complete turns in this double helix.
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