Translation of mRNA - Structure and function of tRNA
14 important questions on Translation of mRNA - Structure and function of tRNA
What is Francis Crick's adaptor hypothesis?
What are the two functions of tRNA during translation?
2. It carries an amino acid specific for that codon.
In what way does the recognition between tRNA and mRNA take place?
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How does the tRNA determine which amino acid to bind?
How many different tRNA molecules does a cell have and how does the cell manage to make these molecules?
Which 3 structural features do all different tRNA molecules have?
- The amino acids binds to the acceptor stem of the molecule, at the 3' end tRNA's have a CCA sequence;
- tRNA's have variable sites which can differ in the number of nucleotides they contain.
Which enzymes in the cell catalyze the attachment of amino acids to tRNA molecules?
How many different aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase enzymes does a cell have?
for example: alanyl-tRNA synthetase recognizes tRNA^ALA and attaches alanine to it.
How does aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase bind the amino acid to tRNA (steps)?
- AMP binds to the synthetase and pyrophosphate is released;
- The correct tRNA binds with its 3' end to the amino acid and AMP is released;
- The charged tRNA is released.
How does the aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase recognize the correct tRNA molecule?
On which principle is the wobble rule based?
What is the wobble rule?
How are two tRNA molecules that differ at the wobble position but are able to recognize the same codon, called?
According to the wobble rule, a single tRNA can recognize more than one codon. What kind of practical adventage does the cell have because of this?
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