Social capital and health
10 important questions on Social capital and health
What is the "Roseto effect"?
What becomes clear from the Kobe earthquake in Japan?
What are bonding social capitals?
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What is "briding social capital"?
- people who are at similar hierarchical levels: helps to get people ahead
- the civic realm, connections with different groups or communities
What is "linking social capital"?
- the institutional realm: helps people to gain resources to bring about broader change
In what ways can social capital protect health? (7)
- providing diverse forms of social support (informational, emotional and material)
- acting as social credentials in accessing health resources
- encouraging engagement in healthy norms and behaviours
- decreasing exposure to social stressors
- advancing objective and subjective social status
- reinforcing psychological resources
What are 2 ways through which country and state (=macro level) influence health?
- enhanced collective efficacy and increased civic engagement: in front of significant health-related issues, fruit of a cohesive community that is willing to intervene for common goods because of the mutual trust and solidarity among neighbours
What are 4 ways through which neighbourhoods and communities (=meso level) influence health?
- the maintenance of health-related norms through informal control
- the promotion of access to local services and amenities
- the psychosocial process that provide mutual support
What are 3 ways through which ego-centered measures (=individual level) influence health?
- social influence through shares norms or social control. Here face-to-face contact is not a requirement for social influence to occur. People obtain normative guidance by comparing themselves' to others within the same group
- social engagement and social participation, which result from the representation of the potential roles in real life. Being a parent, a friend, worker etc. Provides the individual with different resources and opportunities
What are the dark sides of social capital? (5)
- exclusion of outsiders
- excessive claims made on group members
- negative externality on the rest of society (mafia)
- restriction on freedom (informal social control helps to keep down deviance and antisocial behaviour, but overcontrolling and intolerant of diversity is a risk)
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