Nervous system - Lecture Seventeen : Neuroanatomy II - Functional information flow
3 important questions on Nervous system - Lecture Seventeen : Neuroanatomy II - Functional information flow
Explain the difference between Somatic and Autonomic nervous systems
- SOMATIC NERVOUS SYSTEM : we are aware of it and have control over it.
- Afferent : Sensory information we notice like pain, touch and vibration.
- Efferent : Voluntary muscle control like skeletal muscle.
- AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM : we are unaware of it and have no control over.
- Efferent : Involuntary muscle control like heart beating and diaphragm contracting/relaxing.
Describe the mechanisms of the Autonomic Efferent system?
- Involuntary control.
- Involves two neurons between the CNS and effector.
- Effectors are smooth and cardiac muscles, glands and adipose tissues.
- Cell bodies located in the ventral horn of the spinal cord.
- Axons located in the spinal nerves (PNS).
- Axons are myelinated.
- Synapse occurs on the autonomic ganglion.
- Neurotransmitters are Acetylcholine (ACh).
POST-GANGLIONIC NEURON :
- Cell bodies located in the autonomic ganglion.
- Axons located in the peripheral nerves.
- Axons are not myelinated.
- Synapse occurs in the effector organ.
- Neurotransmitters are Acetylcholine (ACh) or Norepinephrine (NE)
Describe and Explain the 2 subdivisions of the Autonomic Nervous system ?
SYMPATHETIC : Prepares the body for acute/stress responses.
"Fight or flight" System
Effects include :
PARASYMPATHETIC : Prepares the body for restful situations.
"Rest and Digest" System
Effects are opposite to sympathetic
"Fight or flight" System
Effects include :
- Increase heart rate
- Increase blood flow
- Decrease Gastric motility
- Decrease salivation
- Increase pupil size
- Increase sweating
PARASYMPATHETIC : Prepares the body for restful situations.
"Rest and Digest" System
Effects are opposite to sympathetic
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