Lecture Five : Joints I - Bone growth joints (tissues and structures)
7 important questions on Lecture Five : Joints I - Bone growth joints (tissues and structures)
Describe the general principles of bone growth
1. Primary Centre of Ossification
- Occurs in the diaphysis (shafts)
- Epiphyses remain cartilage
- Develop at different times depending on the bone.
- Growth in width = Appositional growth
2. Secondary Centre of Ossification
- Enabled by epiphyseal plates (growth plates)
- Growth in length = Through the growth plate
What are the components and functions of the Hyaline Cartilage ?
- Made up of collagen fibres which are barely visible.
- It has a smooth, frictionless surface and also high water content in matrix.
FUNCTIONS :
- Resist compression
- Moulds the ends of bones where they articulate , so they can provide smooth, frictionless movements.
What are the components and functions of the Fibrocartilage ?
- Contains more collagen than hyaline cartilage. These collagen fibres are arranged into bundles throughout the matrix which are aligned to the stresses.
- Has a lower water content compares to Hyaline Cartilage.
- Found in different parts of the skeleton where different functions are required.
FUNCTION :
- Resist tension and compression
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What is a ligament ?
- Ligaments are connective tissues that connects bone to bone.
- Its function is to restrict movement (away from themselves)
What are the common features in BOTH ligaments and tendons ?
- Contain collagen
- Made of Dense Fibrous Connective Tissue (DFCT)
- Some vascularity but minimal compared to bone
- Have fibroblasts/clasts
Explain what is a Cartilaginous Joint ?
- Has some mobility but moderately stable.
- Has various different structures with different functions
- Examples are rib cartilages, intervertebral discs and pubic symphysis
Explain what is a Fibrous Joint ?
- Has little to no mobility but is very stable
- Its structures are ligaments
- Functions include limit movement and provides stability
- Example is the cranial sutures
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