Neoplasia- Cervical cancer, threatment
9 important questions on Neoplasia- Cervical cancer, threatment
Of what do most cervical cancers result/exist?
Epidemiology of Cervical cancer
- Third most common cancer in woman world wide
- large majority (85%) of the global burden occurs in the less developed regions; cytological screening less / not available
- 600-700 cases a year
- mortality: 200-250 woman
- 5 yr survival: 67%
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Which of the three stages can be classified as premalignant cervical disease?
What is the human papilloma Virus (HPV)?
- Circular ds-DNA virus
- Infection through sexual 80%
- 80% of infections is cleared
- over 100 HPV-types identified, 40 types infect the genital tract
- Low-risk HPV: 6,11
- High-risk HPV: 16,18 (12 types classified)
- Possible high-risk HPV (8 types classified)
Effects of HPV E6 & E7 deregulation
- Hyperactivity of viral oncogenes (E6/E7) represents the trigger for malignant transformation
- The binding of tumor suppressor gene products, Rb by E7 and P53 by E6, is a major cause of malignant transformation in cells.
- Complex formation of E6 and E7 with other cellular proteins lead to:
- a disturbed chromatin remodelling
- modulation of the DNA methylation machinery
- altered expression of miRNA's
- Etc..
Other factors inducing/increasing risk of getting cervical cancer are?
- Promiscuity increases the risk for the STD
- Immune suppression
- Smoking: risk increased by 1.5x
How much of all hrHPV infections is covered by the vaccin against hrHPV 16 & 18 ?
At what zone is the cervical smear taken?
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