Read the summary and the most important questions on Hydrology & Runoff Management (MSc)

• 1 Course Introduction (6-3-2023)

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• What do glaciers have to do with the hydraulic system?

  • Glaciers store about 2/3 of the earth's freshwater
    
  • Glalciers store water in winter and release it during summer
  • Meltwater from galciers and snow cover may contribute significantly to discharge in glacierized catchments
  • Contribute to sealevel rise

• What is runoff generation?

  Concerns different sources (sinks) and pathways of water (at or below concerns different sources (sinks) and pathways of water (at or below

• How does urbanisation affect the water cycle?

  
  

  • Less infiltration causing more surface runoff what can lead to flooding (impervious surfaces)
    
  • Removal of vegatation -> Less evapotranspiration
  • Modification of natural drainage network (faster drainage)

• What defines sustainable runoff management?

  • Regard stormwater as a resource, not a problem
    
  • Treat stormwater locally: store, infiltrate, delay
  • Restore or imitate the natural hyrdological cycle

• 2 L1: Hyrdological Cycle and Water Budget

• What does the hyrdological cyrcle stand for?

  Describes and predicts the occurence, circulation and distribution of the earth's water

• What influences the phase of water?

  • The air pressure
  • Temperature

• What is the relation op latent heat to the phase of water?

  • Melting and evaporation consume latent heat
    
  • Freezing and condensation release latent heat

• What is the main driver of the hydrological cycle?

  Solar energy

• What also influences the hydrological cycle?

  • Gravity force: controls precipitation and flow of water on the earth's surface
    
  • Capillary forces affect subsurface flow of water in the soil

• 3 L2: Hyrdometeorology & Snow Hydrology

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• What are the important components of the water-budget equation? (P=R+ET)

  • Precipitation (P): primary input of water to  a catcment
    
  • Precipitation is balanced by runoff (R) and evatransporation (ET)
  • Evatransporation: sum of evaporation and transpiration
  • Runoff ratio: fraction of precipiation turned into runoff