Alcohols, Ethers, and Thiols - What Are Alcohols?

6 important questions on Alcohols, Ethers, and Thiols - What Are Alcohols?

What is the functional group of an alcohol?

The functional group of an alcohol is a hydroxyl group or -OH bonded to an sp3 hybridized carbon.
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How are alcohols named?

By replacing the suffix -e for -ol.
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How are compounds named with more than one hydroxyl group?

With two hydroxyl groups a compound is named diol and with three it is named a triol.
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What is the most important physical property of an alcohol?

That the hydroxyl group is polar with a large difference in electronegativity between oxygen and carbon.
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What is the difference in pysical properties of alcohols and alkanes of the same molecular weight.

When they have approximately the same molecular weight alcohols have a higher boiling point and are better soluble in water.
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What is the reason that alcohols have a higher boiling point and are better soluble in water than their alkane counterpart?

This comes from the dipole-dipole interactions between hydroxyl goups and between hydroxyl groups and water, also called hydrogen bonding.
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