Read the summary and the most important questions on Jeugd & Seksualiteit

• 1 Week 1

• 1.1 HC 1

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• Wat is de 'paternity uncertainty hypotheses'?

  Why do men prefer women who offer sexual exclusivity? This limits the risk of making large and long-term investments in the children of another man.  Dat is vanuit evolutionair oogpunt voor een man zo’n beetje het slechtste wat je kan overkomen: dat je investeert in kinderen die niet van jou zijn (dus jouw eigen genen worden niet doorgegeven).
  De paternity uncertainty hypothesis wordt ook gezien als de reden waarom de vrijheid van vrouwen in veel landen ingebonden is. 

• Pioneers in sexual health/ sexology research

  Kinsey: interviewed people about their sex life, including criminals
  Johnson & Masters: observations of couples having sex (145 sex workers were hired for first research), developed the 4 stage model of sexual response
  Money: introduced the term gender identitiy, gender role, sexual orientation. Experiment with Bruce & Brenda

• Ellen Laan, myths:

  Men have a biological need for sex > libido doesn't exact
  Sex differences lead to sexual gender differences> the capacity of pleasure is very much the same

• How do we move toward sexual equality, volgens Laan

  Prioritize pleasure
  Diversity/inclusion, reduce impact of coital imperitive

• Two contrasting perspectives on sex and gender differences in sexual behaviour

  Evolutionary (nature) and social (nurture). Need to know both perspectives for exam

• Hypothesis and desire differences

  Hypothesis: Women find those traits attractive in a potential sexual partner that increase the chance of long term investments
  
  Economic and social status
  physical strength, length
  realiability and stability
  love and commitment
  Hypothesis: Men find those traits attractive in a potential sexual partner that increase the change of 'reproductive success'
  
  So younger women

• Social perspective on gender differences

  Continuous interaction between biological and social factors
  
  Mating strategies very accross cultures and time
  
  Women's mating strategy depends on the extent to which women themselves have access to economic resources
  
  social context also impacts biology directly, testosterone levels (btween men differ quite a lot, also change during life time, linked to social enviroment they are in.)

• Sensitivity and drawbacks of a focus on sex differences 

  Positive: research technical, intervention and political-emancipatory reasons
  
  Negative: Polarization, stereotyping, tunnel vision, risk of exaggeration

• What are advantages of short term mating for women

  1. Good genes
     
  2. immediate protection
  3. immediate resources 

  
  However, men do it more than women
  
  E.g. casual sex with a famous, rich person (e.g., Christiano Ronaldo) à be assured of immediate resources / healthy genes à large chance the child will survive (even though you may be a single mom)

• What is gender normativity

  The totality of normative ideas about   gender and sexuality, or ‘what boys and girls are supposed   to do’, within a (sub)culture, environment, or individual.