Read the summary and the most important questions on Justice: What's the Right Thing to Do? | 9780374532505

• 1 Doing the right thing

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• How called Thomas Sowell price gouging?

  An emotionally powerful but economically meaningless expression that most economics pay no attention to, because it seems to confused to bother with. If there is a lot of demand, suppliers from outside will provide more goods and price will stabilize again.

• What said Jeff Jacoby about price gouging?

  It isn’t gouging to charge what the market will bear. It’s how goods and services get allocated in a free society. His conclusion: “Demonizing vendors won’t speed Florida’s recovery. Letting them go about their business will.”

• Which questions arise after the hurricane Charley about morality and law?

  Is it wrong for sellers of goods and services to take advantage of a natural disaster by charging whatever the market will bear? If so, what, if anything, should the law do about it? Should the state prohibit price gouging, even if doing so interferes with the freedom of buyers and sellers to make whatever deals they choose?

• Around which three ideas are the arguments for and against price-gouging?

  Maximizing welfare, respecting freedom, and promoting virtue.

• What said modern political philosophers like Immanuel Kant?

  The principles of justice that define our rights should not rest on any particular conception of virtue, or of the best way to live. Instead, a just society respects each person’s freedom to choose his or her own conception of the good life.

• 3 Do we own ourselves? / Libertarianism

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• What is libertarian theory?

  -Humans have fundamental right to liberty— the right to do whatever we want with the things we own, provided we respect other people’s rights to do the same.
  -minimal state that protects private property from theft, keeps peace and enforces contracts.

• What argued Milton Friedman (1912-2006)?

  objects to minimum wage laws on similar grounds. Government has no right to prevent
  employers from paying any wage, however low, that workers are prepared to accept. The government also violates individual freedom when it makes laws against employment discrimination. If employers want to discriminate on the basis of race, religion, or any other factor, the state has no right to prevent them from doing so. In Friedman’s view, “such legislation clearly involves interference with the freedom
  of individuals to enter into voluntary contracts with one another.

• What are 3 types of policies and laws that modern states commonly enact reject?

  1. No paternalism(against laws that protect people from harming themselves)
  2. No morals legislation
  3. No redistribution of wealth or income

• 5 What matters is the motive / Immanuel Kant

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• What said John Locke (1632-1704)?

  He rejects the notion that we may dispose of our life and liberty however we please. But Locke’s theory of unalienable rights invokes God, posing a problem for those who seek a moral basis for rights that does not rest on religious assumptions

• Why is it rejected by Kant?

  1. Pleasure doesn’t make it right(are variable and contingent)
  2. Moral principals form desires we happen to have is wrong way thinking about morality
  3. Preferences rejected influences freedom(act of obedience)