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A snapshot of the summary - Knowledge clips
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1 Introduction to research methods
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1.1 Social Research
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Name 4 types of human experience.
- Sense perception
- Beliefs
- Emotions
- Thoughts
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What are social sciences?Sciences focussed on experiences related to humans.
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What are the four major distinctions in social science research?
- Approach
- Use
- Pupose
- Time dimension
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Name the two different approaches of a study and their characteristics.
- Qualitative research
- Qualities
- Words and images
- Understanding meaning
- Quantitative research
- Quantities
- Numbers and statistics
- General tendencies
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What are the two types of use of research and their characteristics?Basic
- Aimed at anything interesting.
- How does the world work?
- Researchers have freedom and intrinsic motivation.
- Success if results impact science community.
Applied- Aimed at practical problems.
- Can we solve this problem?
- Research as part of the job and at employer's demand.
- Success if results are 'usable'.
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Name the three different purposes of research and their characteristics.Exploratory
- To explore
- What?
- Idea
generating - Feasibility studies
- To
descirbe - How? Who?
Categorizing and classifying
Explanatory- To explain
- Why?
- Theory testing
- Model comparison.
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Name the three types of time dimensions in a research and their characteristics.Case study
- Focussed at an individual
- Can be measured a single time or more times
Cross-sectional- Focussed at a group of people
- Measurement takes place only one time
Longitudinal- Focussed at a group of people
- Measured more than one time
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1.2 The Empirical Cycle
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How is knowledge gained in empirical research?Through direct and indirect observation or experience.
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Name the 7 steps in the reseach process of the empirical cycle.
- Select a topic
- Formulate a research question
- Designing the study
- Collecting the data
- Analyzing the data
- Interpreting the data
- Informing others
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2 Theory and Ethics
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2.1 Social Theories
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What are the two states of behavior in social situations according to Milgram's agency theory?The autonomous state and the agentic state.
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The following topics are covered in this summary
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explanations, theory, framework
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scientific, rights, ethical
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topic, narrowing, research
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variable, characteristics, variables
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research, qualitative, measurement
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construct, scale, authenticity
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population, sample, ratio
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sample, population, probability
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opinion, survey, issues
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order, interviews, interview