Introduction in virology
5 important questions on Introduction in virology
What is a the kingdom of virus? What is a virome?
- There is no separate kingdom for viruses
- Viruses did not descend from a single prehistoric virus
- Virus: not self-sustained but do evolve - not alive!
Virome
- All the viruses in the body or in a certain organ
How are the viruses classified?
Viruse classify by
- type of genome: ss, ds, RNA, DNA
- symmetry of the particle
- enveloped or non-enveloped
- segmented genome or not
- + (coding strand: ready for translation mRNA to protein)
- - (no coding strand: complement DNA strand needed before translation is possible)
Why are viruses pathogenic?
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What are the novel infectious threats?
- Ongoing increase in the human population worldwide → Increasing numbers of livestock to feed this population
- Declines in the nature habitats of wild animals make human vulnerable to pathogens transmitted by animals
- Zoonoses intensified contact with animals (wild and domesticated)
- Traveling increases spread: Airplanes (humans and food), Birds, bats, insects
- Climate change (arthropod vectors, like mosquito expand)
What are the eradicated viruses?
Poxvirus
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