Memory and Reality & Autobiographical memory
19 important questions on Memory and Reality & Autobiographical memory
What is memory source monitoring & how does it help?
Helps judge the memories reliability
What are the criteria to judge the reliability of a memory?
- Contextual information
- Semantic detail
- Affective information
- Cognitive operations (own thoughts)
What is the False Fame Effect? (Jacoby)
- Only because of the feeling of familiarity (they've seen them before)
- They do not make this connection: Lapse of source memory
- Higher grades + faster learning
- Never study anything twice
- 100% sure, 100% understanding
For my 1st exam I got a C. Then, I started looking for ways to learn better and I came across Study Smart. Since then I have scored a A+, A, A- and another A. I highly recommend it to everyone who wants to hear it. I am so happy with it!!
I was struggling to finish all my first-year subjects for 3 years. Then I discovered Study Smart, which helped me to finish all of them within 3 months.
Because of StudySmart, things are going well in many ways. Before, I always had study stress and no time for anything. Now I feel calm and confident (because of the program). I used to score a B, now I usually score an A or A+.
Hey Chris, I really want to thank you very much for developing the platform, I usually got around C for my exams, now I scored an A+, an A and a A- !!
Since using Study Smart, my average has increased significantly. I even completed a statistics course with a A+ while I'm bad at statistics. I took on extra courses this year, because of Study Smart. Thanks so much!
Ever since I started studying with StudySmart I passed all my exams !!! No more re-sits!! At first, I was happy with a pass and now I only get good grades. Many thanks!
I aced all the courses I studied with Study Smart. For law, I first scored a D, and now an A! I’m 100% sure that I’ll pass all the courses I study with Study Smart.
I always thought I studied well. My grades were fine. I could never have imagined that applying these study skills would have such a huge and direct impact on my grades, my speed and the pleasure I have in learning.
For the first time, I finally feel totally confident about the way I learn. I have the perfect overview and make great progress in terms of speed and the grades I get. Thanks, Chris!
I immediately started to enjoy learning again, and my grades soared. All of a sudden, everything went better. I highly recommend Study Smart to all students..
Being able to create my materials online made the process of studying so much smoother and quicker. I no longer have to spend a huge amount of my time on creating my summaries.
At first, my notes were a mess. Now I use Study Smart to take my notes in a perfectly structured way. It helps me to save a lot of time and do other things I enjoy.
Students that study with Study Smart get better grades. The system applies all the learning methods in such a way that both well-performing students and students who struggle perform much better.
Hi Chris, I would like to thank you very much. Last year I scored C on a course, and this year I got an A+ thanks to your method! Thank you very much!
The largest effect is that my child is more enthusiastic about school! Every parent wants their children to be happy at school, Study Smart made it happen.
In high school, I failed several exams, and that has really changed now. I actually needed this tool very much back then. Since I started studying with StudySmart, I haven't had any D's. My average score is now an A and those are results I would have never had in the past
With my old method, I passed only 3 out of 8 courses. Since I started taking my notes digitally in Study Smart, I have passed all my courses on the first try. For me, StudySmart takes away the stress of wondering if I will pass or not.
Thanks to StudySmart, I passed all my exams, and with better grades than before! On top of that, I have mastered a very good study method now, which I am confident will help me earn my degree.
What is the False Memory effect? Which factors contribute to this?
Factors- More associations (words): More chance of false memory
- Worse the recall: better chance of false memory
What is the Experiment of Elizabeth Loftus 'Lost in mall'? What were its findings?
Subjects remembered the fabricated memory
- 25% detailed report from false memory
- Memory is illusion (never happened)
- Subjects are truthful and sees it in the minds eye
What increases the creation of false memories? Where is this used?
- Repeated questioning
- Imagining something could've happened
- Hypnosis
False memories often used in therapy: Clinical reasons to do all these things --> But you're creating false memories
Is it possible to not be able to remember traumatic experiences? Can these memories come back?
Sexual trauma (incl painful treatment): Evidence for real amnesia
Memories can 'recover': Mostly spontaneously (not therapeutic) --> True recovery of memories can occur but is very rare
What did Schooler, Bendiksen & Ambadar find in their 4 cases of recovered memories?
- Great shock & emotion
Never full absent: Friends reported talks (but not the huge emotion)
How can you create false recovered memories?
- Therapeutic setting: Hypnosis, Repeated imaging & Repeated fantasies of misinformation
What is true about 'True recovery of memories'?
- Alot of memory mechanisms lead to distortion (so is it really recovered?)
What is a flashbulb memory? (according to Brown & Kulik's original hypothesis)
- Arise with extreme emotional events
- Full & Accurate memory
- Memory is not forgotten anymore
(Not correct)
What did the 9/11 experiment show about flashbulb memories?
Subjects just thought they were more accurate & could vividly imagine the event
What are our conclusions about Flashbulb memories now?
Mostly normal but very strong memories- Strong: Feeling of accuracy & vivid imagination
What is childhood amnesia?
What are the conclusions of the research done on the reminiscence bump afterwards?
Maybe memory just works better at time of reminiscence bump
Limitations: Participants score importance after a long time
What is Galton-Crovitz cueing?
- Idea: Pseudo-random sample from autobiographical memory FALSE
Did the item cued have effects in Galton-Crovitz cuing?
- Many item-specific effects documented but relatively small
But for 'neutral' words' it's assumed that random sampling effect is largely true
Is there a common lifetime distribution of the item-related bumps in the Galton-Crovitz test?
Can we still use the Galton-Crovitz cueing method?
- We don't know what it measures
- Maybe the script biases to early memories or is there an additional bias towards childhood?
Try our study magic for free
a PDF, study it super fast
- No sign up, email or credit card needed!
- AI makes unlimited flashcards
- Get unlimited quizzes and tests
- Ask AI anything
- No sign up, email or credit card needed!
- Have and keep perfect overview
- Make flashcards, notes and mind maps
- Review, test and score!
The question on the page originate from the summary of the following study material:
- A unique study and practice tool
- Never study anything twice again
- Get the grades you hope for
- 100% sure, 100% understanding
