Histology respiratory system
26 important questions on Histology respiratory system
What does the transporting part of the respiratory system consist of?
- Nasal cavity
- Pharynx
- Larynx
- Trachea
- Bronchi
- Bronchioles
What are the functions of the transporting part of the respiratory system?
What are the functions of the respiratory part of the respiratory system?
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What is the histology of the pharynx, larynx, and alveoli?
Larynx: pseudostratified columnar epithelium (with villi)
Alveoli: simple squamous
What is the general histological structure of the respiratory system?
- Mucosa (epithelium and lamina propria)
- Submucosa (connective tissue and glands) --> to make mucus
- Adventitia (anatomical membrane)
Why does the respiratory system not have a muscle layer to prevent collapsing?
What is important about the mucosa (mucus membrane)?
What is the histology of alveoli?
- Thin, simple squamous epithelium
- Covers the surface of the alveoli
- Alveoli membrane: very thin (<1 μm) for exchange of gasses
- Surface area very large
What is the respiratory defence system? What does it contain?
- Nose hairs
- Slime (mucus membrane)
- Cilia (mucus escalator)
- Alveolar macrophages
What is the histology of the nasopharynx, the oropharynx, and the laryngopharynx?
Oropharynx: stratified squamous
Laryngopharynx: stratified squamous
The trachea contains mucosa, submucosa, and adventitia. What do all these layers consist of?
Submucosa: connective tissue with many glands (serous and mucous)
Adventitia: elastic connective tissue with C-rings (cartilage)
What is the path from trachea to alveoli?
What type of epithelium do terminal bronchioles have?
What does the lamina propria contain in terminal bronchioles?
What is remarkable about the alveolar duct?
What is the interalveolar septum?
What is the difference between type I and type II pneumocytes?
What is the function of surfactant?
What is respiratory stress syndrome?
Where can you find the dust cell?
What are the two routes a dust cell can take?
- By ciliary activity transported back to the pharynx (mucus escalator)
- Back to the septum and exit the lungs via the lymph vessels
What is the blood-gas barrier?
- Cytoplasm of the endothelial cell
- Fused basal lamina of the endothelium and epithelium
- Cytoplasm of epithelium cell
- Surfactant on the epithelium
Are cell membranes a barrier for gas?
How is blood supplied to the respiratory system?
- Pulmonary circuit: pulmonary arteries follow the bronchial tree, branch via the arteriole in continuous capillaries, where blood is reoxygenated (in the alveolar septa). Reoxygenated blood flows via venous system to the left atrium.
- Systemic circuit (bronchial arteries, branch of aorta): supplies oxygen-rich blood to the larger components of the bronchial tree.
The pleura consists of two layers. What are these layers and what is the difference?
- Visceral (against the lungs)
- Parietal (against chest cavity)
What is the pleural cavity? What does it contain?
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