Neurons & Glia
20 important questions on Neurons & Glia
What is the function of the Golgi apparatus inside a cell?
Where is the Smooth Endoplasic Reticulum and what is it's role?
Function:
Processing of protein molecules
Regulating the internal concentration of substances inside the soma
What is the function of Mitochondria?
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Where in the cell is oxygen combined with food?
What is the big difference between axons and dendrites, besides function?
What is the start & end of an Axon?
End: Synapse/Axon Terminal
If an axon is thicker the signal:
What is the difference between Axon & Axon terminal (contents)?
Terminal contains synaptic vesicles (for neurotransmitters)
Axon Terminal --> needs more energy --> More mitchondria
What is Axoplasmic transport?
Axoplasmic transport = transport of these proteins through axon (Anterorgade Axonal Transport)
What are Unipolar, Bipolar and Multipolar neurons?
Bipolar: 1 axon, 1 dendrite
Multipolar: 1 axon, many dendrites
What is the difference: Primary sensory neurons, interneurons, motor neurons?
Interneuron: Neurites to other neurons
Motor neurons: Synapses with muscles
What types of Glia are there?
- Myelinating Glia: Make myelin on axons for speed
- Microglia: Remove debris
What types of Myelinating Glia are here and what is the difference between the 2?
Oligodendroglia: Myelinate CNS
What is the function of Microglia? What seperates them from other glia?
Can pass blood brian barrier
What types of microscopes do we use?
Electron: Electron beam
Laser: Neuron molecules fluoresce at different wavelengths
What lab-technique is used to see if a gene gets expressed by mRNA synthesizing proteins?
Stain 1 brain green. 1 brain red.
Poffertjes pan met elk poffertje --> Different gene
Put both the colored brain shit in
Genes of expression can be seen based on what color they get
What is gene-targetting in mice?
Need viral DNA to inject.
exogenous DNA can be altered before injection
What are neurofibillary tangles? What does it cause?
Consequence:
- Tau detaches from microtubulus and there is too much Too in the Soma
(Alzheimers)
What reterograde transport happens from the axon to the soma?
- HRP: Horseradish Peroxidase taken up by axon terminals & back to the soma
What difference do low-functioning children have in terms of their neurons?
Dendrite spines they have are longer
(Human fetus has these same dendrites)
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