Organization theory and its multiple perspectives
10 important questions on Organization theory and its multiple perspectives
What is the relationship between epistemology and ontology?
Explain objective ontlogy and which group embraces this?
Objective ontology assumes that an unwavering reality exists and it is independent of our perceptions about it.
- modernists
Explain positive epistemology and which group embraces this?
Positive epistemology views knowledge as generated by the scientific method; the developing and testing of hypotheses derived from theories. The scientific tests consist of empirical observations that reveal comparisons between theory and external reality.
The scientific method requires that theories must be testable (falsifiable).
- modernists assume that phenomena that are studied exist independently of our observation
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What is independent observation?
When different people, all with the same relationship to a phenomenon, make similar observations about it and at different points in time.
Results have to be reliable and valid
Explain reliability validity and generalizability
Reliability ensures that the results of empirical studies do not vary across repetitions
Validity ensures that you studied what you intended to study
if these two are not met, then the measurement will contain errors and consequently faulty knowledge
Generalizability is the extent to which a theory can be applied to different situations without limiting conditions. A generalizable theory is more valuable because it has more valid and reliable uses
Explain subjective ontology and which group embraces this?
Subjective ontology is interested in phenomena that are regarded as unknowable by those who assume objectivist ontology.
For example culture is only observable subjectively because it has to be communicated subjectively.
- symbolists focus on what is revealed when private thoughts and feelings are considered
Explain interpretivist epistemology and which group embraces this?
Interpretivist epistemology allows the researcher to influence the context but then requires that they reflect on this influence and how it operates. This implies that knowledge creation and understanding requires the contexts that give it meaning.
There are many interpretations of reality that exist at the same time and vary depending on the interpreter.
- symbolists aim to understand an organisation by using a range of people's understandings
What is the critique of postmodernists on modern organization theory?
What is linguistic ontology and which group embraces this?
Linguistic ontology is the belief that knowledge and knowing arise in and from language
- postmodernists
Explain the reflexive epistemology and which group embraces this?
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