Read the summary and the most important questions on P.F.a.t.E.B.E

• Types and control of production

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• advantages of job production

  • products usually high quality
  • can be made to meet individual customers
  • workers get more satisfaction by seeing finished product

• advantages of batch production

  • needs of different customers met by batches of different goods
  • specific orders met - costs reduced=goods don't needs storing
  • possible to use specialist equipment/automate production

• disadvantages of batch production

  • takes time to switch production to different batches
  • necessary to keep material stock=costs money
  • tasks may be repetitive and boring for workers

• advantages of process production

  • large amounts can be made
  • can be automated to keep costs low
  • ideally suited to consistent products of exacting quality

• disadvantages of process production

  • expensive to set up
  • problem in  one part stops all production
  • starting and stopping may take a long time

• advantages of flow production

  • large amounts can me made
  • economies of large-scale, unit cost low
  • machinery can be used, costs low
  • tech. improvements=not all products need to be the same, design variations can be programmed into pc

• disadvantages of flow production

  • goods mas-produced=not good quality
  • expensive start up
  • large stocks kept to keep line supplied=expensive
  • if production stops any time=chance of complete production shutdown
  • assembly line jobs long and boring

• quality and productivity

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• advantages of technology in production environment

  • large amount can be made
  • economies of large-scale production = unit costs low
  • productivity of workers improve = output per worker increases so labour costs fall
  • quality of production can be improved = machines less likely to make mistakes than man, reduces wastage and saves money, improved quality may attract customers
  • production can be flexible = machines programmed to produce variety of products to meet individual customer needs
  • repetitive/dangerous jobs can be done by machines, than people

• disadvantages of technology in production environment

  • may need to make workers redundant= expensive, trade union problems, industrial action
  • need to recruit new employees for tech.=high demand, may need to pay them big salaries
  • existing employees need retraining to work with new machines
  • buying/installing tech. very expensive, large risk

• Revenue, costs, and break-even

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• Sales Revenue/turnover

  • Quantity sold x Selling Price
    
  • amount of money a business receives from selling what it produces/provides