Indtoduction - PAM
8 important questions on Indtoduction - PAM
For which 3 reasons is malaria a problem for pregnant women?
2. Their immune system goes down during oregnancy
3. Parasites accumulate in the placenta
Why is an infection problematic for the mother and baby?
2. Immune system active --> inflammation placenta --> damage of placenta membrane --> preterm delivery & growth retardation
How does cytoadhesion or iRBC work?
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How can the cytoadhesion be reduced?
1. Administration of soluble CSA, but severe nephrotoxic
2. Administration of chondriotinase AC
3. Therapeutic use of monoclonal antibodies against CSA
PfEMP1 based:
1. Block PfEMP1 adhesion
2. Vaccine
Why is it difficult to make a malaria vaccine?
2. PfEMP1 had both intra- and extracellular domain, also different domains for different receptors
3. 60 copies of PfEMP1 in genome
What can be stated about parity?
2. Adaptive immune system is involved: more pregnancies -> more antibodies against PfEMP1 -> no antigenic variation in PfEMP1 when the parasite needs to bind to CSA
What is the aim of a VAR2CSA based vaccine?
2. To induce antibodies that prevent binding of iRBC to CSA
Which insights were gaines in the vaccine development?
2. You need full-length VAR2CSA to get good antibody response
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