Heart failure - Smooth muscle cells and vascular tone
13 important questions on Heart failure - Smooth muscle cells and vascular tone
What is the difference in contractile unit between skeletal and smooth muscles?
How is contraction regulated in VSM cells?
2. Calcium binds to calmodulin
3. Ca-CaM activates myosin light chain kinase (MLCK)
4. MLCK phosphorylates light chains in myosin heads and increases myosin ATPase activity
5. Active myosin crossbridges slide along actin and create muscle tension
What is the difference between contractile and synthetic VSM cells?
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In which processes are synthetic VSM cells involved?
In which processes are contractile VSM cells involved?
What is the difference between electromechanical and pharmacomechanical coupling?
pharmaco = contraction initiated by receptor binding
What is the pathway of depolarization dependent contraction in VSM? And in which vessels?
-> increase conductance L type calcium channels by binding of noradrenaline to adrenergic receptor -> PLCß activated > IP3 and DAG > calcium channels open > voltage gated calcium channels open > increased cytosolic calcium > MLCK activation > contraction
What is the pathway of depolarization-independent contraction in VSM? And in which vessels?
noradrenalin binds to adrenergic receptor > PLCß activation > IP3 and DAG > calcium influx and from SR > increased cytosolic calcium > MLCK activation > contraction
also PKC activation > calcium sensitization and activation rhoA kinase
Difference phasic vs tonic contraction in VSM cells?
Tonic = contraction remains due to calcium sensitization (force maintenance)
What is the Rho/ROCK signaling pathway?
How is the VSM relaxed?
How is penile flaccidity achieved
How is penile erection achieved?
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