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Structure and Functions of Cells of the Nervous System - Communication Between Neurons

4 important questions on Structure and Functions of Cells of the Nervous System - Communication Between Neurons

What are binding sites of receptor molecules on cells?

Binding sites are particular regions of the cell on which neurotransmitters (ligands) exert their effects by attaching to it.

What are postsynaptic potentials that are produced by neurotransmitters?

Postsynaptic potentials are brief depolarizations or hyperpolarizations that increase or decrease the rate of firing of the axon of the postsynaptic neuron.

What are the structures and functions of presynaptic cells that are involved in synaptic communication?

Presynaptic cells contain synaptic vesicles (contain neurotransmitters). Transport proteins fill vesicles with the neurotransmitter and trafficking proteins are involved in the release of neurotransmitters and recycling of the vesicles.

How does the process neurotransmitter release go into effect?

Following an action potential, a neurotransmitter is released from vesicles in the presynaptic cell that move and dock with the terminal membrane. Docking and creating a fusion pore is triggered by depolarization which causes calcium channels to open. The calcium binds with protein molecules on the presynaptic membrane, producing the fusion pore. The neurotransmitter is released into