Psychobiology of Food Choice and Eating Behaviour - Psychological signals of satiety
5 important questions on Psychobiology of Food Choice and Eating Behaviour - Psychological signals of satiety
How does GLP-1 work?
- Produced in ileum and colon
- direct appetite suppressing effect on CNS
- stimulates insulin and inb=hibits glycogen release
- inhibits gastric emptying
- ileal brake mechanism
- 4 exogenous studies found effects on appetite
- 38 studies no effects
- supra-physiological concentrations lowers food intake
- increases especially after proteins and carbs
- biphasic response
How to measure the biological markers?
Biomarker = indicator of a biological process
- a characteristic that is objectively measured and evaluated as an indicator of normal biologic processes, pathogenic processes or pharmacologic responses to a therapeutic intervention
Large between subject variation (within-subjects design)
Day-to-Day variation
Relative to control treatment
Blood measures: indirect
Tracers: indirect
Often a combi of biomarkers is needed to understant the full picture
Name some biomarkers of digestion and absorption:
- Circulating peptides/metabolites can be measured in serum or plasma
- single (fasting) blood samples
- multiple blood samples after a meal with a catheter
- commercial kits for biochemical measurements
Name some biomarkers of gastric processes/emptying:
- Indirect techniques (tracers)
- paracetamol in serum
- stable isotope in breath
- Direct measurements (imaging)
- 3D anatomical MRI, volume estimation over time
How to measure satiety? (2)![]()
- Standardize satiety before baseline
- certain amount of test-food (preload), in which you vary one property
- VAS of hunger and satiety
- Standardize satiety at baseline
- certain amount of test-food (preload), in which you vary one property
- food intake at test meal
- time until next meal (30 min, 60 min, 3 hours)
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