Supplements and ergogenic aids
8 important questions on Supplements and ergogenic aids
What are sport supplements?
Why do athletes take supplements?
- Because they're told to do so!
- personal testimonials
- coaches and trainers
- advertisers
- because they believe it helps
- to improve performance
- to prevent illnessess
- to compensatefor extra demands during intense training
- because competitors use them
- as compensation for an inadequate diet
> use has large differences per discipline
> not only in top athletes
AIS supplement classification system =
Group A, B, C, D stand for...
- supplements for which there is strong scientific evidence for use during exercise.
- example: caffein, bicarbonate, B-alanine, glycerol
- supplement for which there is emerging scientific support
- example: curcumin, carnitine
- supplements for which the scientific evidence in not supportive of benefit amongst athletes
- example: magnesium, HMB, co-enyme Q10
- compounds that are banned or with high risk of contaminatino wth substanced that could lead to a positive doping test
- example: anabolic steroids
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(nonsteroidal) selective androgen receptor modulators (SARMs) =
Bind to the AR with affinity similar to testosterone, but exhibit only partial agonist properties in androgenic tissue
Beta-agonists =
Beta blockers...
Therapeutically in use for symptomatic relief in asthma (bronchodilation)
Side effects:
- increase of muscle formation and strength
- decrease of fat tissue
- but.. Tremor
Beta-blockers:
- drugs for use angina pectoris hypertension
- forbidden in competitino for cerain disciplines:
- archery
- gmnastics
Human growth hormone (GH) =
effects and risks
- secreted naturally by pituitary; synthetic form used by some athletes
- difficult to detect synthetic from natural in drug testing
- proven to increase lipolysis and blood glucose levels
- changes in muscle mass and strength are found in some studies
- can cause acromegaly (bone thickening), enlargement of internal organs, muscle and joint weakness, diabetes, hypertension and heart disease
- contaminated in past
Stimulants such as caffeine, ephedrine, synephrine, amphetamine =
- Increase energy, endurance reduce mental fatigue, increase fat usage
Narcotics and glucocorticoids are forbidden in-competition
a. True
b. False
! Glucocorticoids effective to limit inflammatory resonse, to stimulate lipolysis, more katabolic
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