Read the summary and the most important questions on POLI 2053 Quiz 2

• 1 POLI 2053 Quiz 2

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• Who is the parliamentary executive?

  The prime minister, sometimes called chancellor or premier, and a cabinet or a council of ministers.

• How does the prime minister come into office?

  The leader of the party or coalition of parties with the most support in parliament becomes the prime minister or chancellor.

• How is a parliamentary cabinet formed?

  The prime minister or chancellor forms a cabinet usually, but not necessarily, chosen from members of parliament.

• In a parliamentary system who is dependent on who?

  The government is dependent on the support of parliament, which can remove the executive from power with a vote of no confidence. 
  
  The executive is dependent on the legislature because they can reject, accept, or amend legislation initiated by the government. However, the executive can dissolve the legislature and call an election.

• How is the parliamentary system in Japan organized?

  • Constitutional monarchy with an Emperor as head of state 
  • A system of checks and balances but with a different executive, legislature, and judicial institution.
  • Bicameral with a House of Representatives as the lower house and the House of Councillors as the upper house. Together they are called the National Diet. 

• What does Japan's House of Representatives do?

  • The most powerful of the two houses. 
  • They can override the veto with a two-thirds majority. 

• What does Japan's House of Councillors do?

  • They can delay important matters such as budget, foreign treaty or selection of prime minister, and the power to veto other matters. 

• How does the prime minister of Japan enter office?

  He is appointed among the members of either house by the National diet but the House of Councillors has little power to oppose the House of Representatives.

• How does the Japanese Supreme Court work?

  It is independent of government and has the power of judicial review or laws, regulations, and acts of government.

• Semi-Presidential System According to Newton

  A system in which the government consists of a directly elected president, the electorate, and a prime minister who is appointed by the president from the elected legislature and accountable to it. The president and prime minister share executive power.