Exit, voice and loyalty
15 important questions on Exit, voice and loyalty
What are, according to Hirschmann, the three appropriate responses to a decline and thus satisfaction in a government/firm?
- voice
- loyalty
What happens if you exit a firm, but it is part of an oligopoly? (it can also apply to parties, see the comment that Baudet made about the party cartel)
Why did the emigration from Africa have disastrous effects according to Hirschmann?
- exit of financial capital
- exit of innovative potential
- personal gain is dubious
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What is voice, when it is used as a response to decline in a country/firm?
What is the essence of voice?
What is loyalty as a respons to decline in a firm/country about?
What is the essence of loyalty?
- fanaticism -> deny that there is a decline and fight until the end
What are some comments to these responses that Hirschmann formulated as response to a decline?
- it is an imperfect translation of the 3 basic responses of humans in biology from a threat from outside
- not to be taken literally
- vague passages that call for further research
What is civil disobedience according to Thoreau (1817-1862)?
What is John Rawls' liberal view of disobedience?
What are two of the conditions according to Rawls that allow civil disobedience?
- accepting punishment -> you accept the system as it is, because you do not go against the entire system
What justifies civil disobedience according to Rawls?
- never majoritarianism
- not even the injustice of a particular law
always only the perversion of a fair and just system
What implies Civil disobedience?
- check if it is a matter of conscience rather than interest
- proportional response
- publicity not anonymity
- accept liability and punishment
Why is Rawls' view of civil disobedience limited?
What are some comments on Rawls' view of civil disobedience?
- the right not the good justifies CD
- politics vs the political-agonism from Schmitt, Lefort and Freund
- and include more reasonable ideas -> Mouffe, Laclau and Agonism
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