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A snapshot of the summary - Psychology :)
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1 Psychology Sem 1
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1.1 Introduction to Learning and Classical Conditioning
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What is associative learning?Associative Learning is when you learn that certain events occur together
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Who is Associative Learning connected with? (NAME)Pavlov
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Before conditioning, when Pavolv gave dog food and the dog salivated, is it learnt?No, it is not learnt. It is a
biological response. -
What is the terminology eg. Pavlov rang bell and did not give dog food. After a few times, dog did not salivate.Extinction
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What is Stimulus Generalisation?Similar
stimulus = similar responseEg . For example, DuringPavlov's experiment, when he used a high pitched bell or a low pitched bell, it did not matter. The dog stillsalivated .
Eg. If you like Nutella, you might like another kind of cholocate spread.
Or if you are bitten by a black dog when you were younger = afraid of all dogs in the future. -
What is spontaneous recovery? Example.Eg. When you ring the bell after extinction has set in, sometimes the dog will salivate
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1.2 Operant Conditioning
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How many reinforcers are there and what are they?1. Positive
2. Negative
3. Primary
4. Secondary
5. Immediate
6. Delayed -
Can an activity be a positive reinforcer?Yes
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What do children love?1. Attention
2. Money
3. Approval -
What is the common mistake that people have of a negative reinforcer?They think that negative reinforcers are punishment
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