Read the summary and the most important questions on samenvatting periode 2

• 12 Early Roman History (753-265 bc)

• 12.1.1 The Etruscans

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• Name 2 things that undermined the Etruscans power

  1. Competition with the Greeks after 500 bc
  2. The invasions of the Celts

• 12.1.2 Carthage

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• Name 3 factors that increased the wealth of Carthage

  1. Maritime trade
  2. Import of gold and tin
  3. Highly developed agricultural activities

• 12.2 The Origins of Rome

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• How was Rome found, according to Roman legend

  Rome was founded in 753 bc by Romulus

• 12.2.1 State and Society in early Rome

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• How was the Roman population characterised in the earliest days

  By a degree of social differentiation: there was an upper layer of aristocratic families who owned lots of land, and then there was class of well-to-do peasants, and below them poor peasants

• 12.2.2 The army and the Comitia Centuriata

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• How is the Roman public assembly called

  The Comitia Centuriata

• How were the property classes organised below the cavalry

  5 property classes below the cavalry, which were subdivided into centuria. Each Centuria had one vote

• 12.3.2 Roman expansion in Italy (509-265 bc)

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• Name the 2 historical processes that dominated the history of the Roman Republic up to the third century bc

  1. The struggle of the orders, between patricians and the plebeians
  2. Expansion of the Roman empire in peninsular Italy

• How is the period 509-338 bc characterised

  By endless struggles between Rome, Latins, tribes around Latium and Etruscans. The struggles were about the fertile land and control of the land trade routes

• 12.3.3 colonisation

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• What was Rome's custom and how are these colonies called

  To confiscate part of the territory of her subject opponents and turn it into Roman public land owned by the Roman State --> Latin colonies

• What is the difference between Latin colonies and Roman colonies

  Roman colonies are colonies that Rome founded as military bases at strategic points