Read the summary and the most important questions on Skeletal muscle plasticity

• 1 Introduction

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• What is the aim of the study?

  provide a synopsis of how muscle cells adapt their structural and functional properties in accordance with the type and amount of physical stress imposed on the system. With a special focus on the regulation of the myosin heavy chain.

• Which inducers of muscular adaptation will be discussed?

  Endurance training, Resistance training, muscle disuse, muscle unloading

• What is thought about the myosin hevay chain expression when the environment forces a muscle to adapt?

  The expression will change

• 2 Fundamental Concepts

• 2.1 Organelle Plasticity

• How is muscle plasticity defined?

  As the capacity of the muscle cell to alter
  

  1. protein amount
  2. protein type

• 2.2 Protein Isoform

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• What is the use of having different isoforms of a molecule?

  They will have slight variations in aminoacid sequenses that will result in altered structural, functional and/or enzymatic expression of that protein.

• How does altered mechanical activity affect the contractile properties of striated muscle via MHC expression?

  more load: Type 2x --> Type 2a <-- Type 1
  More time: Type 2a --> Type 1

• What are the common features of type 2 muscle fibers?

  • high ATPase activity and glycolytic activity
  • Low oxidative capacity
  • Peak power function
  • sometimes active

• 2.3 Protein Turnover

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• Give an estimate of the MHC half-life:

  7-10 days

• Can the half-life of MHC be increased? and how?

  Yes, by low overal contractile activity and muscle unloading

• 2.4 Flow of Genetic Information

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• Name several key steps in which a protein is synthesized and maintained.

  • transcription
  • pre-RNA processing
  • Translation
  • post translation modifications
  • molecular stability