System innovations and social transitions - system innovation- multi level perspective
7 important questions on System innovations and social transitions - system innovation- multi level perspective
What are examples of the formal and informal rules and arrangements that orient human behaviour and (inter) action at a given moment in time and space.
- Legal rules and norms
- Informal norms
- Policy and political procedures
- Incentive structures
- Existing coalitions and network configurations
- Markets and other economic arrangements
- Social values
- Commonly accepted meanings and categorisations
- Language
System Innovation: multi-level perspective (MLP)
Innovation is seen as a co-evolutionary process:
- Variation, selection, retention
- 'niches' are experimental spaces within a 'societal (market) selection environment
- Innovation involves change/selection at multiple nested levels
- Niche, regime, landscape
What does the co-evolution of innovation look like?
- Institutional development
- Technology development
+ innovation proces in a circle
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MLP - essential elements!!! (EXAM)
Socio-technical regime:
- 'rule set' associated with a dominant technology- dominant designs
- in the form of practices, procedures, standards, modes of thinking, etc.
- Embedded in institutions and infrastructures
Landscape: external trends
- e.g. demography, macro-economy, political coalitions
Regime vs a Niche
Book
How does a regime/niche relate to innovation systems
- Niches are (part of ) technological innovation systems
- Hence technological innovation systems (growing over time) aim to reconfigure their context (regime)
What is the discussion of SNM about
Strategic Niche Management; The 'niche protection'controversy
- SNM scholars argue that innovation requires 'protected space': i.e. special conditions for experimentation
- Investments; insurance against risk; subsidies; input delivery
- To 'protect'innovations from the dominant regime
- Others argue that one should not protect and nurture niches but make them as vulnerable as possible.
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