Home / Summaries / Class notes - Style and Modernity / architecture-french-france

Neoclassicism in Germany and France

18 important questions on Neoclassicism in Germany and France

Which thee movements took place between 1750 and the early 1800s?

  1. The Enlightenment, which concerned the revolutionary foundations of the modern world and the upcoming new deterministic science of man and
  2. The Romantic Period, which concerned a new conception of the individual concept of the genius, the Romantic Art Theory and a new concept of history with regards to medieval times and Antiquity.
  3. Neoclassicism, the revival of the antique arts and architecture.

Which artistic movements led to Neoclassicism in France?

Baroque and classicism.

Why was Ange-Jacques Gabriel important to France?

Because he designed Le Petit Trianon in 1761, which was in contrast to the then-dominant Baroque-style. It was created to be a part of the landscape, which was entirely new in France.
  • Higher grades + faster learning
  • Never study anything twice
  • 100% sure, 100% understanding
Discover Study Smart
Testimonial person
Sophia
Law student
Quotes

For my 1st exam I got a C. Then, I started looking for ways to learn better and I came across Study Smart. Since then I have scored a A+, A, A- and another A. I highly recommend it to everyone who wants to hear it. I am so happy with it!!

Testimonial person
John
Economics Student
Quotes

I was struggling to finish all my first-year subjects for 3 years. Then I discovered Study Smart, which helped me to finish all of them within 3 months.

Testimonial person
Sara
Public Administration Student
Quotes

Because of StudySmart, things are going well in many ways. Before, I always had study stress and no time for anything. Now I feel calm and confident (because of the program). I used to score a B, now I usually score an A or A+.

Testimonial person
Mary
Business Student
Quotes

Hey Chris, I really want to thank you very much for developing the platform, I usually got around C for my exams, now I scored an A+, an A and a A- !!

Testimonial person
Melanie
Psychology Student
Quotes

Since using Study Smart, my average has increased significantly. I even completed a statistics course with a A+ while I'm bad at statistics. I took on extra courses this year, because of Study Smart. Thanks so much!

Testimonial person
Jane
Nursing Studies
Quotes

Ever since I started studying with StudySmart I passed all my exams !!! No more re-sits!! At first, I was happy with a pass and now I only get good grades. Many thanks!

Testimonial person
Rose
Political Science Student
Quotes

I aced all the courses I studied with Study Smart. For law, I first scored a D, and now an A! I’m 100% sure that I’ll pass all the courses I study with Study Smart.

Testimonial person
Tina
Medicine Student
Quotes

I always thought I studied well. My grades were fine. I could never have imagined that applying these study skills would have such a huge and direct impact on my grades, my speed and the pleasure I have in learning.

Testimonial person
Julie
Marketing Student
Quotes

For the first time, I finally feel totally confident about the way I learn. I have the perfect overview and make great progress in terms of speed and the grades I get. Thanks, Chris!

Testimonial person
Matt
Industrial Engineering Student
Quotes

I immediately started to enjoy learning again, and my grades soared. All of a sudden, everything went better. I highly recommend Study Smart to all students..

Testimonial person
Emma
Law Student
Quotes

Being able to create my materials online made the process of studying so much smoother and quicker. I no longer have to spend a huge amount of my time on creating my summaries.

Testimonial person
Michael
Psychology Student
Quotes

At first, my notes were a mess. Now I use Study Smart to take my notes in a perfectly structured way. It helps me to save a lot of time and do other things I enjoy.

Testimonial person
Emily
Teacher
Quotes

Students that study with Study Smart get better grades. The system applies all the learning methods in such a way that both well-performing students and students who struggle perform much better.

Testimonial person
Richard
Literature Student
Quotes

Hi Chris, I would like to thank you very much. Last year I scored C on a course, and this year I got an A+ thanks to your method! Thank you very much!

Testimonial person
Madison
Parent
Quotes

The largest effect is that my child is more enthusiastic about school! Every parent wants their children to be happy at school, Study Smart made it happen.

Testimonial person
Robert
Accountant Student
Quotes

In high school, I failed several exams, and that has really changed now. I actually needed this tool very much back then. Since I started studying with StudySmart, I haven't had any D's. My average score is now an A and those are results I would have never had in the past

Testimonial person
James
Business and Science Student
Quotes

With my old method, I passed only 3 out of 8 courses. Since I started taking my notes digitally in Study Smart, I have passed all my courses on the first try. For me, StudySmart takes away the stress of wondering if I will pass or not.

Testimonial person
Christopher
Veterinarian Student
Quotes

Thanks to StudySmart, I passed all my exams, and with better grades than before! On top of that, I have mastered a very good study method now, which I am confident will help me earn my degree.

Why was Antoine Laugier important to France?

Because he wrote his Essay sur architecture in 1753, in which he reoriented Vitruvius' architectural principles and stated that the basic principles of architecture are not rooted in Greek of Roman antiquity, but in the even further past (prehistory). Based on this, he created his theory of the Primitive Hut, in which he claimed the Doric order to be perfect because it was entirely based on nature. Nature was also the origin of the Greek temple, which was therefore perfect.

Who came up with the theory of classical orders?

Antoine Laugier.

Who was Soufflot and what did he do?

Soufflot had attended the French Academy in Rome and was one of the most promising young French architects. Based on a Greek cross, he designed the St. Genevieve in Paris, also known as the Pantheon. This was a mausoleum. It was very simple and white, yet built in the Corinthean order. It combined Roman and Gothic, old and new, the Picturesque and reason. In comparison to ancient buildings, it had light coming from above (which is Gothic).

What is Étienne-Louis Boullée known for?

For his design of the cenotaph for Sir Isaac Newton, which was all about mathematic purity. By day, it was supposed to be completely dark and by night, lit by a glowing ball. It was too big to ever be realized. Boullée is known for his architectuur parlante, talking architecture, because it is supposed to speak to those who look at it. Boullée was thought to be a megalomaniac.

How were French architects expected to study architecture?

They had to travel to Rome and attend the French Academy. This is why many French buildings (like the Louvre) have strong Italian influences.

What did French kings do to medieval churches?

They replaced them by Roman-looking ones as a sign of their greatness and nationality.

What did Emil Kaufmann come up with and what was it like?

He came up with Revolutionsarchitektur, which was the German version of Architectuur Parlante. This is an academic term that assigns architecture a narrative character and it was the result of Kaufmann's studies of Neoclassicism.

How did French and German architects view ancient architecture?

They ideolized it and pictured it in fantastical ways that were way more monumental than this architecture actually was. These are called architectural fantasies.

What did Germany look like in the 18th century?

Absolutely no coherence. It was not a nation; instead, there were many territories and principalities. Therefore, there was no political or cultural centre.

What did Gentz design and what is this style called?

He designed the Mint at Werderscher Markt, which contained the Bauakademie. The style is called Prussian Neoclassicism, a combination of Greek and Roman elements. This building was the first school of architecture in Germany.

When did Neoclassicism come up in Germany and why?

In 1840. Before, the Baroque had to be kept alive by law, especially in the south. This form of neoclassicism uses pure forms based on mathematical concepts.

What can be considered the true beginning of Neoclassicism as a whole?

The rediscovery of the Doric order.

What did Percier and Fontaine come up with?

For one, with the Empire Style. This was very decorative and used in Naopleon's mansion. They worked for Napoleon. Their other architecture was based on antiquity and was very repetitive. They also came up with shopping galleries, which were the result of France's growing economy. Galleries allowed people to shop without getting wet. Their galleries were also located within appartment blocks.

What did Hittorff design and why did this have to be designed?

He designed the Gare du Nord as a result of all kinds of new inventions, including trains. It was meant to represent France and was made out of a new material (cast iron). It was both modern and old (based on an arch) and had a national character.

What did Vignon and Huvé design and why?

They designed La Madeleine in Paris, which was a church that was based on Maison Carrée in Nîmes. They did so in Napoleon's request, who considered this style of building very glorious and fit for France.

Try our study magic for free

a PDF, study it super fast
  • No sign up, email or credit card needed!
  • AI makes unlimited flashcards
  • Get unlimited quizzes and tests
  • Ask AI anything
Create a notebook
  • No sign up, email or credit card needed!
  • Have and keep perfect overview
  • Make flashcards, notes and mind maps
  • Review, test and score!

The question on the page originate from the summary of the following study material:

Style and Modernity

View summary
  • A unique study and practice tool
  • Never study anything twice again
  • Get the grades you hope for
  • 100% sure, 100% understanding
Remember faster, study better. Scientifically proven.
Trustpilot Logo

Summaries related to Neoclassicism in Italy and England