Read the summary and the most important questions on The Sociology of Organizations | 9780761987666 | ed. Michael J. Handel

• 1 Organizations as rational systems I

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• How can organizations be definited?

  • A. deliberately planned groups 
  • B. with some specific apparent goal or go goals
    
  • C. generally designed to outlive the participation of the particular individuals who participate at any one time
  • D. having a more or less well-developed set of formal rules and
  • E. a relatively fixed structure of authority, roles, and responsibilities that is independent of the personal charcteristics those filling the roles at any paritcular time

• Weber compared modern bureaucratic authority what other kinds of authority?

  Charismatic and traditional

• Weber predicted that socialist economies would be even more bureaucratic, why?

  A planned economy requires collection of more technical knowledge than market economies and tries to exercise more conscious and directive control over the economy through government planning.

• One of the flaws of Webers work:

  Sometimes, Weber suggests that bureaucratic authority is based on position in the hierarchy of command but other times he suggests it is based on expert knowledge

• What is line management?

  A clear hierarchy of authority from the chief executive to division, department or plant managers and first-line supervisors, and is responsible for the organization's core activities such as production.

• What is staff (management) ?

  It provides advice, support and control in areas such as research and development, personnel and accounting.

• How did Fayol describe the bureaucratic organization?

  A division of labor and specialization of function allows administrators to develop specialized knowledge and proficiency in their tasks. A chain of authority ensures coördination, discipline and constancy of purpose.

• What is restriction of output?

  Small work groups use peer pressure to enforce a moderate work pace on all their members to make sure there would be no speed up without pay (rate cutting)

• 1.1.1 1. Bureaucracy and Legitimate Authority (1924)

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• The three pure types of autority (weber)

  1. Rational grounds
  2. Traditional grounds
  3. Charismatic grounds

• There are 3 pure types of legitimate domination. The validity of the claims to legitimacy may be based on:

  1. Rational grounds, 2. Traditional grounds or 3. Charismatic grounds