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• 6 Ecology

• 6.1 What is ecology?

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• In which two groups of the environmental factors can they categorised into?

  • Biotic factors
    
  • abiotic factors

• What are biotic factors?

  Influences that come from living nature or another organism. 
  Example:
  

  • members of its species
  • food
  • predators
  • nesting sites
  • pathogens

• What are abiotic factors?

  Influences that come from the non-living aspects of nature. 
  Example:
  

  • light
  • rain
  • air
  • wind
  • temperature
  • soil
  • water  

• What is the individual level of ecology?

  An investigation of the relationships between one individual (an organism) and its environment.
  Example: investigation of temperature on the growth of one single elephant.

• What does the level of a population mean?

  A population is a group of individuals of the same species in a given area, which reproduce together.
  Example: investigate the effect of the amount of rainfall on a population of elephants.

• What is a community in the levels of ecology?

  Populations of different species that live together in a given area. Together they make up a community.
  Example: The community of a forest consists of populations of oak trees, beech trees, ferns, earthworms, foxes and many other species.

• What is a biotope?

  All the abiotic factors together in a given area are called a biotope.
  
  All populations affect each other. In addition, abiotic factors (water, temperature, soil type) have a significant effect on the area.
  The community and biotope in for example a forest together form an integral whole.

• 6.2 Feeding realtionships

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• What is a food chain?

  It's a series of organisms in which each organism is the food source for the next. All food chains start with a plant species. From there, an arrow points to the second link: a herbivore, then it points to the third link: a carnivore.

• What are all the feeding relationships in an ecosystem called?

  A Food web. A food web contains herbivores, carnivores and omnivores

• What does an omnivore eat?

  It eats both plants and animals