Hemodynamic Disorders, Thromboembolism, and Shock
28 important questions on Hemodynamic Disorders, Thromboembolism, and Shock
Definition colloid osmotic pressure
What are the causes of increased egress of water at the capillary level?
- Increased pressure at the venous end (cardiac failure, blockades)
- Increased permeability (inflammation, neurogenic)
- (Increased pressure arterial end (almost never!))
What are the causes of decreased return of fluid from the interstitium?
- Higher grades + faster learning
- Never study anything twice
- 100% sure, 100% understanding
For my 1st exam I got a C. Then, I started looking for ways to learn better and I came across Study Smart. Since then I have scored a A+, A, A- and another A. I highly recommend it to everyone who wants to hear it. I am so happy with it!!
I was struggling to finish all my first-year subjects for 3 years. Then I discovered Study Smart, which helped me to finish all of them within 3 months.
Because of StudySmart, things are going well in many ways. Before, I always had study stress and no time for anything. Now I feel calm and confident (because of the program). I used to score a B, now I usually score an A or A+.
Hey Chris, I really want to thank you very much for developing the platform, I usually got around C for my exams, now I scored an A+, an A and a A- !!
Since using Study Smart, my average has increased significantly. I even completed a statistics course with a A+ while I'm bad at statistics. I took on extra courses this year, because of Study Smart. Thanks so much!
Ever since I started studying with StudySmart I passed all my exams !!! No more re-sits!! At first, I was happy with a pass and now I only get good grades. Many thanks!
I aced all the courses I studied with Study Smart. For law, I first scored a D, and now an A! I’m 100% sure that I’ll pass all the courses I study with Study Smart.
I always thought I studied well. My grades were fine. I could never have imagined that applying these study skills would have such a huge and direct impact on my grades, my speed and the pleasure I have in learning.
For the first time, I finally feel totally confident about the way I learn. I have the perfect overview and make great progress in terms of speed and the grades I get. Thanks, Chris!
I immediately started to enjoy learning again, and my grades soared. All of a sudden, everything went better. I highly recommend Study Smart to all students..
Being able to create my materials online made the process of studying so much smoother and quicker. I no longer have to spend a huge amount of my time on creating my summaries.
At first, my notes were a mess. Now I use Study Smart to take my notes in a perfectly structured way. It helps me to save a lot of time and do other things I enjoy.
Students that study with Study Smart get better grades. The system applies all the learning methods in such a way that both well-performing students and students who struggle perform much better.
Hi Chris, I would like to thank you very much. Last year I scored C on a course, and this year I got an A+ thanks to your method! Thank you very much!
The largest effect is that my child is more enthusiastic about school! Every parent wants their children to be happy at school, Study Smart made it happen.
In high school, I failed several exams, and that has really changed now. I actually needed this tool very much back then. Since I started studying with StudySmart, I haven't had any D's. My average score is now an A and those are results I would have never had in the past
With my old method, I passed only 3 out of 8 courses. Since I started taking my notes digitally in Study Smart, I have passed all my courses on the first try. For me, StudySmart takes away the stress of wondering if I will pass or not.
Thanks to StudySmart, I passed all my exams, and with better grades than before! On top of that, I have mastered a very good study method now, which I am confident will help me earn my degree.
What are the causes of a blocked flow of lymph?
- Iatrogenic
- Tumour
What are the types of hemorrhages?
- Petechiae (up to 1 mm): thrombopenia, -pathy, vasculitis
- Purpura (slightly bigger): vascular malformations, vasculitis
- Ecchymoses: (1-3cm) trauma (sometimes + above), a.o.
- Hematoma: Trauma, vasc. Malf. (by AC of HT)
What are the 4 outcomes of a thrombus?
- Resolution
- Embolization to lungs
- Organized and incorporated into wall
- Organized and re canalized
What are the types of emboli?
- Thrombus
- Fat/bonemarrow
- Amniotic fluid
- Tumour
- Foreign body material
- Parasites/eggs
Which types of shock exist?
- Cardiogenic shock (prognosis variable)
- Hypovolemic shock (prognosis OK, if treated adequately
- Septic shock (prognosis poor, 20-30% mortality)
- Heterogenic rest group (incl. neurogenic shock, anaphylactic shock) (prognosis variable)
What are the signs of shock?
What is the color of congested tissue?
What are the steps of hemostasis?
- Arteriolar vasoconstriction
- Primary hemostasis
- Secondary hemostasis
- Clot stabilization and resorption
Describe clot stabilization and resorption
Which two types of granules exist in platelets?
What is the role of aspiring in hemostasis?
Function prothrombin time (PT) assay
Function partial thromboplastin time (PTT) assay
How is coagulation restricted?
- limiting enzymatic activation to phospholipid surfaces provided by activated platelets or endothelium,
- circulating inhibitors of coagulation factors, such as antithrombin III, whose activity is augmented by heparin-like molecules expressed on endothelial cells
- expression of thrombomodulin on normal endothelial cells, which bind thrombin and convert it into an anti-coagulant,
- activation of fibrinolytic pathways (e.g., by association of tissue plasminogen activator with fibrin).
Function protein C
Function heparin-like molecule
Definition endothelial activation/dysfunction
With what deep venous thromboses is associated?
What are the consequences of gas bubbles?
When embolus causes tissue infarction?
When fat embolism occur?
Which factors determine the damage of an occlusion?
- Anatomy of vascular supply
- Rate of occlusion
- Tissue vulnerability to hypoxia
What is the major cause of an infarct?
What are the major pathological factors in septic shock?
- Inflammatory and counterinflammatory responses.
- Endothelial activation and injury
- Induction of a procoagulant state
- Metabolic abnormalities
- Organ dysfunction
What are the characteristics of septic shock ?
- endothelial cell activation
- vasodilation
- edema
- disseminated intravascular coagulation
- metabolic derangements
Try our study magic for free
a PDF, study it super fast
- No sign up, email or credit card needed!
- AI makes unlimited flashcards
- Get unlimited quizzes and tests
- Ask AI anything
- No sign up, email or credit card needed!
- Have and keep perfect overview
- Make flashcards, notes and mind maps
- Review, test and score!
The question on the page originate from the summary of the following study material:
- A unique study and practice tool
- Never study anything twice again
- Get the grades you hope for
- 100% sure, 100% understanding
